Peroxide CH-Acidic Salt Dental Material Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Radically polymerizable dental materials face challenges with limited storage stability, spontaneous self-hardening, poor color stability, and inadequate mechanical strength, particularly when exposed to summer temperatures, and they often require complex dual-curing processes or use of unstable initiators that discolor restorations and have low acid tolerance.
Innovation Solution
A self-curing dental material composed of two components, where Component A contains radically polymerizable monomers without acid groups and a specific peroxide, and Component B contains the salt of a CH-acidic compound that triggers radical polymerization at room temperature without the need for additional acids, ensuring stability and improved mechanical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If conventional initiators (BPO with tertiary aromatic amine) are used for self-curing dental materials, then polymerization can be triggered chemically, but the material becomes discolored over time and has poor acid tolerance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the initiator system by replacing conventional BPO/amine systems with a specific combination of peroxide (formula 1) and CH-acidic compound salt. This parameter change results in improved color stability and acid tolerance while maintaining self-curing capability, as the new initiator system does not discolor over time and maintains polymerization activity in acidic environments.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite initiator system combining a peroxide of formula (1) with a salt of a CH-acidic compound. This composite approach leverages the complementary properties of both components: the peroxide provides radical generation capability while the CH-acidic salt provides stability and acid tolerance, resulting in a synergistic initiator system that overcomes the limitations of individual components.
2Ease of operation
If barbituric acid derivatives are used as initiators with Cu(II) compounds, then polymerization can be activated, but spontaneous polymerization occurs when monomers are present, requiring complex storage and handling
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the problematic interaction between barbituric acid derivatives and monomers by replacing the barbituric acid-based initiator system with a peroxide/CH-acidic salt system. This extraction eliminates the spontaneous polymerization issue while maintaining the ability to activate polymerization when needed, simplifying storage and handling requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a peroxide-based initiator system that remains stable during storage but activates polymerization rapidly when mixed with the CH-acidic salt and monomers. This approach treats the initiator system as a stable, long-lasting storage component that only becomes reactive upon mixing, eliminating the need for complex protective measures during storage.
3Stability of the object's composition
If dental materials are stored at room temperature for long periods, then storage stability should be maintained, but spontaneous hardening occurs particularly during summer temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the thermal parameters of the initiator system by selecting a peroxide with specific thermal stability characteristics and combining it with a CH-acidic salt that has high acid tolerance. This parameter change enables the material to withstand summer storage temperatures without spontaneous hardening, as the modified initiator system requires specific mixing conditions to activate polymerization.
4Ease of manufacture
If plasticizers are used as dispersants for barbituric acid derivatives, then the initiators can be dispersed, but the polymeric structure is weakened and toxicological issues arise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the need for plasticizer dispersants by replacing the barbituric acid derivative initiator system with a peroxide/CH-acidic salt system that does not require plasticizers for dispersion. This extraction eliminates the toxicological concerns and structural weakening associated with plasticizer use while maintaining effective dispersal of the initiator components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material exhibits excellent storage stability, controlled hardening behavior, and enhanced mechanical strength, with improved color stability and acid tolerance, meeting the criteria for clinical use in dental applications.
Implementation Method 1
Both components contain free-radically polymerizable monomers... the salt of a CH-acidic compound... that triggers a radical polymerization
Data Source
AI summary
Polymerizable dental material comprises at least two components, where the first component (a) comprises radically polymerizable monomers without acid groups, and at least a peroxide compound (I), and the second component (b) comprises radically polymerizable monomers without acid groups, and salt of acidic hydrocarbon compound, where the acidic hydrocarbon compound can induce free radical polymerization. Polymerizable dental material comprises at least two components, where the first component (a) comprises radically polymerizable monomers without acid groups, and at least a peroxide compound of formula ((R1)-(C(=O)-O-O-R2)) (I), and the second component (b) comprises radically polymerizable monomers without acid groups, and salt of acidic hydrocarbon compound, where the acidic hydrocarbon compound can induce free radical polymerization. R1 : H, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy or (R3)(R3)N-; and R2, R3 : C(O)-R1, S(O 2)-R1, alkyl or aryl.