Feeding Deterrence in Agricultural Pests via Specific Compounds
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Agricultural pests such as hemiptera, lepidoptera, and coleoptera cause significant damage to crops, with existing control methods like phosmet being toxic and harmful to bees, and traditional insecticides posing risks, necessitating a safer and more effective deterrent.
Innovation Solution
The use of specific compounds, such as those represented by structure (I), which are applied directly to crops or seeds, offering low mammalian toxicity and resembling naturally occurring materials, to deter feeding by pests like stink bugs, codling moth larvae, and granary weevils through contact, available in various formulations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional insecticides like phosmet are used to control codling moth and other pests, then pest control effectiveness is improved, but toxicity to bees and mammals increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of insecticides by using compounds with specific molecular structures (formula I) that have inherently lower toxicity to bees and mammals while maintaining pest control effectiveness. The compounds feature specific functional groups and carbon chain lengths that reduce harmful effects on non-target organisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite chemical structures combining specific functional groups (ester, ketone, aldehyde) with hydrocarbon chains of defined lengths. This composite molecular design achieves both pest deterrence and reduced toxicity to beneficial insects and mammals.
2Reliability
If pyrethrins are used to control granary weevils in stored food products, then pest control is achieved, but direct spraying on food is prohibited due to safety concerns
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters by developing compounds with specific molecular weight ranges (formula I compounds) that are safe for direct food contact. These compounds can be applied directly to grains, seeds, and food products without the restrictions that apply to pyrethrins.
3Reliability
If conventional insecticides are applied to crops, then feeding deterrence is achieved, but environmental harm and non-target species damage increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the principle of local quality by designing compounds that specifically target pest insects through their unique molecular structures, while being benign to non-target organisms. The specific functional groups in formula I compounds create selective action against pests without broad environmental harm.
4Reliability
If traditional insecticide methods are used, then pest damage control is achieved, but cost and complexity of safe application increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent simplifies the application process by changing the chemical parameters to compounds that are inherently safer and easier to handle. The formula I compounds require fewer special precautions and application restrictions compared to traditional insecticides, reducing overall system complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
Compounds are used as agents that deter feeding of crops by agricultural pests such as hemiptera, lepidoptera and coleoptera, including, but not limited to, stink bugs, codling moth larvae and granary weevils. Feeding deterrence is obtained by contact of the insects with at least one of the compounds of the structure (I) wherein R is —OH, ═O, —OC(O)R4, —OR6, or —(OR6)2, wherein each R6, is independently an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R4 is a branched or straight chain, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbyl group with zero to two double bonds and from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; X is O or CH2 with the proviso that when X is OR can only be ═O; each Z is independently (CH) or (CH2); y is a numeral selected from 1 and 2; R1 is H or a branched or straight chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group with zero to two double bonds and from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; R2 is H or a branched or straight chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group with zero to three double bonds and from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; R3 is selected from H, a branched or straight chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group with zero to three double bonds and from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, —(CH2)nOH, —C(O)OR5, —CH2C(O)OR7, —CH2C(O)R8, —C(O)NR9R10, and —CH2C(O)NR11R12 where each of R5, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 and R12 is independently selected from H and a branched or straight chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group with zero to three double bonds and from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and n is an integer of from 1 to 12; the bond between the 2 and 3 positions in the ring structure may be a single or a double bond; and wherein the compounds of structure (I) contain from 9 to 20 total carbon atoms in the compounds.