PET Prompt-Gamma Identification Using TOF Triple Coincidence Data
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional PET single-scan imaging can only perform functional imaging of one tracer and has limited characterizing ability for complex life activities, while multiple PET scans are costly and suffer from registration problems, and traditional multi-tracer imaging fails to identify prompt-γ events in triple coincidence events, leading to ineffective separation of double nuclide signals.
Innovation Solution
A method is provided to identify prompt-γ events by obtaining and verifying time-of-flight (TOF) data of triple coincidence events, determining estimated TOF data based on detection positions, and comparing it with actual TOF data to separate true prompt-γ photons from double coincidence events, enabling effective separation of double nuclide signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If traditional multi-tracer single PET scan imaging is used, then multiple tracers can be imaged in a single scan, but prompt-γ events cannot be identified in triple coincidence events, leading to ineffective separation of double nuclide signals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments triple coincidence events into different types by analyzing TOF data characteristics. Specifically, it divides triple coincidence events into prompt-γ events (where the gamma ray is emitted immediately during positron decay) and delayed gamma events (where the gamma ray is emitted later from the daughter nucleus), allowing separate identification and processing of each type to achieve accurate signal separation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces time-of-flight (TOF) dimension to distinguish between different types of coincidence events. By measuring the time difference between photon detections and comparing it with expected TOF values for different event types, the system adds a temporal dimension to the analysis, enabling differentiation of prompt-γ events from other triple coincidence events that would otherwise be indistinguishable
2Loss of information
If multiple PET scans are performed to provide comprehensive information about life activities, then more comprehensive information can be obtained, but the cost increases and registration problems affect imaging quality
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes a single PET scan capable of performing multiple functions by enabling simultaneous imaging of multiple tracers with different decay characteristics. The system processes different types of coincidence events (double coincidence, triple coincidence with prompt-γ, triple coincidence with delayed gamma) from a single scan to generate multiple functional images, eliminating the need for separate scans for different tracers
3Ease of operation
If only double coincidence events are identified in traditional PET imaging, then the imaging process is simple, but prompt-γ events are missed and signal separation is ineffective
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary classification of coincidence events by examining TOF data before final image reconstruction. The system pre-identifies triple coincidence events and categorizes them as prompt-γ events or other types based on TOF characteristics, then processes each category appropriately. This preliminary sorting enables efficient subsequent processing while maintaining operational simplicity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method allows for the accurate identification of prompt-γ events in triple coincidence events, enhancing the capability of single PET scan imaging with multiple tracers to provide comprehensive information about life activities without the costs and registration issues of multiple scans.
Implementation Method 1
obtaining first time-of-flight (TOF) data of multiple double coincidence events detected by a detector device
Implementation Method 2
determining a prompt-γ event in each of the triple coincidence events by comparing the estimated TOF data with the second TOF data
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a method for identifying a prompt-y event, which includes: obtaining first time-of-flight (TOF) data of multiple double coincidence events detected by a detector device; determining second TOF data of one or more triple coincidence events based on the first TOF data, performing verification operations on the second TOF data of the triple coincidence events to determine a prompt-γ event in each of the triple coincidence events. The embodiments of this application can effectively identify prompt gamma photon events by using TOF data, which is helpful for separating dual-nuclide signals.