Petroleum Coke Anode Material for High Current Lithium Ion Battery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion secondary batteries face challenges in maintaining capacity when discharged at high currents due to electrochemical polarization of the anode, which limits their output characteristics for applications in vehicles and industrial facilities.
Innovation Solution
A raw petroleum coke composition with a specific atomic ratio of hydrogen to carbon (H/C) between 0.35 and 0.50 and micro-strength of 7 to 17% is produced through a delayed coking process, and then carbonized and/or graphitized to create an anode material that enhances lithium ion diffusion paths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If conventional raw petroleum coke is used as anode material, then the battery can achieve basic capacity, but the output characteristics deteriorate at high current discharge due to electrochemical polarization
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameters of raw petroleum coke by controlling the H/C atomic ratio (0.25-0.45) and micro-strength (5-20%) to optimize the anode material's performance. This parameter optimization enables the battery to maintain high capacity even at high current discharge rates, directly resolving the contradiction between power output and capacity maintenance.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates an optimized composite carbon material structure within the anode by controlling the micro-strength and H/C ratio of the raw petroleum coke. This composite structure improves lithium ion diffusion paths and reduces electrochemical polarization, allowing the anode to simultaneously achieve high power output and maintain capacity at high current discharge.
2Power
If the H/C atomic ratio is not optimized, then the manufacturing process is simpler, but the lithium ion diffusion paths are insufficient and output characteristics deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The invention establishes specific parameter ranges for raw petroleum coke (H/C atomic ratio of 0.25-0.45 and micro-strength of 5-20%) that optimize lithium ion diffusion paths. By controlling these parameters during material selection and processing, the invention achieves high output characteristics while maintaining manufacturability through clear specification guidelines.
3Reliability
If micro-strength is not controlled within the specific range, then the processing is easier, but the crystalline structure optimization is insufficient and capacity maintenance at high current is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The invention controls the micro-strength parameter of raw petroleum coke within the range of 5-20% to optimize the crystalline structure of the anode material. This parameter control enables the formation of effective lithium ion diffusion paths, allowing the battery to maintain high capacity at high current discharge while providing clear manufacturing specifications for quality control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting anode material significantly improves the battery's ability to maintain capacity at high current discharge, achieving extremely high output characteristics by optimizing the crystalline structure and diffusion paths for lithium ions.
Implementation Method 1
carbonized and/or graphitized to create an anode material that enhances lithium ion diffusion paths
Implementation Method 2
carbonized and/or graphitized to create an anode material that enhances lithium ion diffusion paths
Implementation Method 3
intercalation/deintercalation reaction of lithium ions progresses at the edges of the planar hexagonal networks during charge/discharge
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
AI summary
Provided is a raw petroleum coke composition as a raw material of an anode carbon material that can improve, when a battery is discharged at a high current, the ratio capable of maintaining the capacity obtained during discharge at a low current. More specifically, provided is a raw petroleum coke composition for an anode carbon material of a lithium ion secondary battery, the raw petroleum coke composition being produced by subjecting a heavy-oil composition to a delayed coking process, and comprising an atomic ratio of hydrogen atoms H to carbon atoms C (H/C atomic ratio) of 0.30 to 0.50, and a micro-strength of 7 to 17% by weight. Further provided are a method for producing an anode carbon material of a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising the steps of: pulverizing the raw petroleum coke composition into particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 30 µm, and subjecting the particles to carbonization and/or graphitization; and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising an anode comprising such a carbon material.