Bacteriophage ΦCJ8 Antibacterial Composition for Salmonella Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Salmonella bacteria, particularly Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium, exhibit strong resistance to antibiotics and are difficult to treat, causing significant infections in livestock and humans, with current methods failing to effectively control outbreaks and food poisoning incidents.
Innovation Solution
A novel bacteriophage, ΦCJ8, with specific bactericidal activity against Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Gallinarum, and Salmonella Pullorum, exhibiting excellent acid-, heat-, and dry-resistance, is developed for use in compositions to prevent or treat salmonellosis, food poisoning, Fowl Typhoid, and Pullorum disease, and applied in animal feed, drinking water, and sanitizers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If antibiotics are used to treat Salmonella infections, then bacterial growth is inhibited, but antibiotic resistance develops and treatment effectiveness decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses bacteriophage ΦCJ8 as an intermediary agent to treat Salmonella infections. Instead of directly applying antibiotics that face resistance issues, the bacteriophage serves as a mediator that specifically infects and lyses Salmonella bacteria through its natural lytic cycle, bypassing the antibiotic resistance problem while maintaining treatment effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the chemical mechanism of antibiotics with the biological mechanism of bacteriophage infection. The bacteriophage uses its natural biological processes (attachment, injection, replication, and lysis) to eliminate Salmonella, substituting the chemical action of antibiotics with a more specific and resistance-free biological system
2Reliability
If broad-spectrum antibiotics are used to control Salmonella outbreaks, then bacterial infection is reduced, but harmful effects on beneficial bacteria and food safety increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the principle of local quality by using bacteriophage ΦCJ8 that specifically targets Salmonella bacteria through host-specific recognition mechanisms. The bacteriophage displays specificity for Salmonella cell surface receptors, affecting only the pathogenic bacteria while leaving beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiota untouched, thus achieving local precision in infection control
3Ease of operation
If therapeutic agents are used to treat salmonellosis in livestock, then symptoms are addressed, but cure becomes difficult due to strong bacterial resistance and cell impermeability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs the self-service principle where bacteriophage ΦCJ8 autonomously finds, infects, and eliminates Salmonella bacteria within host cells. The bacteriophage performs the therapeutic function itself by utilizing its natural infection cycle to lyse bacteria from within, eliminating the need for external therapeutic agents that struggle with cell impermeability and resistance issues
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
ΦCJ8 effectively inhibits Salmonella propagation and shedding, reducing environmental contamination and intestinal infection, while being non-toxic and safe for use in broilers, without affecting beneficial bacteria, thus providing a novel antibiotic alternative.
Implementation Method 1
A novel bacteriophage, ΦCJ8, with specific bactericidal activity against Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Gallinarum, and Salmonella Pullorum
Implementation Method 2
exhibiting excellent acid-, heat-, and dry-resistance
Implementation Method 3
exhibiting excellent acid-, heat-, and dry-resistance
Implementation Method 4
exhibiting excellent acid-, heat-, and dry-resistance
Data Source
Figure 1~2h
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AI summary
The present invention relates to a novel bacteriophage, more particularly, a bacteriophage that has a specific bactericidal activity against Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella gallinarum and Salmonella pullorum, a composition for the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases including salmonellosis and Salmonella food poisoning caused by almonella enteritidis or Salmonella typhimurium, Fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella gallinarum, and Pullorum disease caused by Salmonella pullorum, which comprises the bacteriophage as an active ingredient, and an animal feed, drinking water, cleaner, and sanitizer which comprise the bacteriophage as an active ingredient.