Phagocytic Cell DNA Content Analysis for Prenatal Disease Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diagnostic methods for prenatal and pregnancy-related diseases rely on population-derived average values, which are inadequate for early and personalized diagnosis, especially in cases where the disease is not evident in healthy individuals or recurrent conditions.
Innovation Solution
The use of phagocytic cells with a DNA content greater than 2n as surrogates for diseased cells and phagocytic cells with a DNA content of 2n as control cells to determine marker profiles, identifying differences indicative of disease presence, risk, prognosis, treatment efficacy, or condition progression.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If population-derived average values are used for diagnosis, then diagnostic methods are simple and accessible, but early and personalized diagnosis is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses phagocytic cells as intermediary carriers that have ingested and retained disease-specific markers from target cells. These phagocytic cells serve as mediators between the disease state and the diagnostic test, allowing indirect detection of disease markers through the phagocytic cells' cytoplasmic contents rather than direct detection from the disease source.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a diagnostic copy of the disease state by analyzing the phagocytic cells that have copied disease markers into their cytoplasm. The phagocytic cells act as biological copies carrying the disease signature, allowing the diagnostic test to analyze these copies rather than the original disease-affected cells.
2Reliability
If phagocytic cells with DNA content >2n are used as surrogates for diseased cells, then early detection accuracy is improved, but cell isolation and analysis complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses DNA content as a distinguishing parameter to identify and isolate phagocytic cells. By measuring DNA content (2n vs. >2n), the method creates a clear binary classification that simplifies cell identification and isolation, making the complex task of detecting disease markers more reliable and reproducible.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the phagocytic cell population into two distinct groups based on DNA content: cells with 2n DNA content (control) and cells with >2n DNA content (surrogates for diseased cells). This segmentation allows targeted analysis of the surrogate population while maintaining the ability to use control cells for validation.
3Measurement precision
If personalized diagnostic methods are implemented, then early diagnosis in individuals is achieved, but reliance on population averages is eliminated requiring individualized analysis
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the diagnostic system to serve itself by using the patient's own phagocytic cells as the diagnostic target. The cells naturally accumulate disease markers during normal physiological processes, eliminating the need for external manipulation or complex preparation procedures while providing personalized diagnostic information.
Data Source
AI summary
This invention provides methods of using phagocytic cells alone or in combination with non-phagocytic cells in the diagnosis, prognosis, or monitoring of prenatal or pregnancy-related diseases or conditions. The invention also provides methods of using phagocytic cells alone or in combination with non-phagocytic cells to identify markers of prenatal or pregnancy-related diseases or conditions.