Phantom Image Classification via Hierarchical ML

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current medical imaging quality assurance systems require users to explicitly specify the type of QA phantom, limiting automated analysis and efficiency, especially for novice users and in scenarios with multiple image types.

Innovation Solution

The development of a phantom image classification system using advanced image recognition techniques, including machine learning and deterministic classifiers in a hierarchical tree structure, which automatically classifies images and allows for dynamic self-optimization, enabling quick and efficient analysis without requiring users to identify phantom types.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If automated image classification is implemented, then productivity and ease of operation are improved, but device complexity increases due to machine learning components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage analysis speedVSAvoidclassification system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The classification system is divided into multiple hierarchical levels (Level 0 to Level N), where each level performs a specific classification task. Level 0 performs initial modality classification, Level 1 performs phantom family classification, and subsequent levels perform increasingly specific classifications. This segmentation allows the complex classification task to be broken down into manageable stages, improving processing efficiency while maintaining system organization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a hierarchical dimension to the classification process, transforming a potentially flat, monolithic classification system into a multi-level hierarchical structure. This dimensional transformation allows the system to handle complexity by distributing classification logic across multiple levels, where each level operates on a specific aspect of the image data, thereby improving overall productivity without overwhelming a single component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Adaptability or versatility

If comprehensive phantom type coverage is provided, then adaptability is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to the large number of analysis options

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephantom type coverageVSAvoiduser interface simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The classification tree is segmented into hierarchical levels where Level 0 handles broad modality categories, Level 1 handles phantom families, and subsequent levels handle specific phantom types. This segmentation presents information to users in a structured, progressive manner rather than overwhelming them with all options simultaneously, thereby maintaining ease of operation while providing comprehensive phantom type coverage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary classification actions automatically through the hierarchical tree structure before presenting results to the user. The machine learning classifiers at each level pre-process and narrow down the classification options, so users receive refined results without having to manually navigate through all possible phantom types. This preliminary automated action reduces the operational burden on users while maintaining comprehensive adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Measurement precision

If machine learning classifiers are used, then measurement precision and adaptability are improved, but device complexity and training requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclassification accuracyVSAvoidtraining system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The training process is segmented and distributed across multiple hierarchical levels. Each level's machine learning classifier is trained independently on specific features relevant to that classification level, rather than training a single complex classifier for all classifications. This segmentation of the training process reduces the complexity of individual training tasks while maintaining high classification accuracy through the cumulative effect of multiple specialized classifiers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each machine learning classifier in the hierarchical tree is optimized with local quality - trained on specific features and data relevant to its particular classification level. Level 0 classifiers are optimized for modality-specific features, Level 1 classifiers for phantom family characteristics, and so on. This local optimization allows each component to achieve high precision in its specific domain without requiring the entire system to be retrained, thereby managing training complexity while maintaining high overall measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentUS9466012B2Phantom image classification
Publication Date: 2016.10.11 RADIOLOGICAL IMAGING TECH
  • US9466012B2 patent drawing
  • US9466012B2 patent drawing
  • US9466012B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A computing device uses image metadata to perform a first sub-classification of an image, wherein the first sub-classification is deterministic, then uses a combination of image data and the image metadata to perform a second sub-classification, further in a third sub-classification, uses image data to make a probabilistic classification of an image according to a likely phantom type. Alternatively or additionally, a computing device receives a set of image analysis data, identifies an image analysis model to be trained, using the image analysis data, determines that the image analysis model can include an image permutation, and trains a new image analysis model including the image permutation.