Phase Adjusted Least Squares Beam Forming for Satellite Antennas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Beam forming techniques in wireless communications systems, such as satellite systems, face challenges in achieving optimal phase constraint values to improve signal-to-noise and signal-to-interference ratios, as existing methods often prioritize amplitude over phase, leading to suboptimal gain performance and side lobe suppression.
Innovation Solution
The method iteratively adjusts phase constraint values based on the difference between initial and system response phase values, using a phase adjustment factor to converge on optimal antenna feed element weights, ensuring that phase constraint values align with system response phases, thereby improving beam shaping and performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional beam forming methods prioritize amplitude constraints over phase constraints, then the beam forming process is simpler to implement, but the signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-interference ratio are suboptimal
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements an iterative beam forming process where phase constraint values are dynamically adjusted based on system response measurements. The method alternates between calculating beam weights using current phase constraints and updating phase constraints based on measured system responses, creating a dynamic adaptation loop that converges to optimal phase values for maximizing signal-to-noise ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs feedback by measuring the actual system response at geographic constraint points and using this information to adjust phase constraint values for subsequent iterations. The measured system response feeds back into the phase constraint adjustment process, enabling the system to learn and adapt to actual channel conditions, thereby optimizing signal quality.
2Area of stationary object
If the number of geographic constraint points exceeds the system's degrees of freedom, then better spatial coverage is achieved, but the system becomes over-constrained and cannot find optimal weights
Solution Approach 1:
The patent deliberately uses more geographic constraint points than the system's degrees of freedom, accepting that the system is over-constrained. Instead of reducing the number of constraint points, the method uses iterative phase adjustment to find phase values that best satisfy all constraints in a least-squares sense, effectively handling the excessive constraints through progressive optimization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary calculations of beam weights and system responses before final weight determination. By pre-calculating responses at all geographic constraint points and using these to adjust phase constraints iteratively, the system prepares optimal phase values in advance that enable finding feasible weight solutions even when constraint points exceed degrees of freedom.
3Manufacturing precision
If iterative phase adjustment is performed to converge on optimal phase constraint values, then beam shaping performance is improved, but computational time and iterations required increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic iteration where phase constraint values are adjusted at discrete intervals based on measured system responses. Rather than continuous adjustment, the method performs periodic updates: calculate weights, measure response, adjust phases, and repeat. This periodic action structure allows the system to converge to optimal beam shaping while managing computational burden through structured, incremental improvements.
Data Source
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AI summary
Methods of operating a transceiver including an antenna having a plurality of antenna feed elements include providing a plurality of gain constraint values associated with respective ones of the plurality of geographic constraint points within a geographic region, selecting initial phase constraint values associated with respective ones of the gain constraint values, generating antenna feed element weights based on the gain constraint values and based on the initial phase constraint values, and determining system response values in response to the antenna feed element weights. Phases of the system response values are compared to the initial phase constraint values, and an antenna beam is formed from the antenna to the geographic region using the antenna feed element weights in response to the comparison of the phases of the system response values to the initial phase constraint values. Related systems and devices are also disclosed.