Phase Control Circuit for DQPSK Optical Receivers

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Solution Overview

Problem

High-speed optical data transmission systems face challenges with inter symbol interference (ISI) due to polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and chromatic dispersion (CD), which affect the recovery of signal energy across multiple time slots, and advanced modulation formats like DQPSK have reduced tolerance to frequency drifts and noise.

Innovation Solution

A phase control circuit using a dither signal, mixer, adder, integrator, and low-pass filter, along with a power detector tailored to remove clock signal components, is employed to minimize errors and maintain phase control in DQPSK and advanced modulation formats, utilizing two parallel delay interferometers for balanced detection and feedback control.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multi-level signaling (e.g., DQPSK) is used to increase spectral efficiency, then the symbol rate is reduced and ISI is decreased, but the system tolerance to frequency drifts and noise is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral efficiencyVSAvoidtolerance to frequency drifts
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a phase control circuit that continuously monitors the received signal and generates feedback to adjust the delay interferometer settings. This feedback mechanism compensates for frequency drifts and phase errors, maintaining reliable detection despite the reduced tolerance inherent in multi-level signaling schemes like DQPSK.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts operational parameters including delay line settings and phase offsets based on received signal characteristics. By changing these parameters in response to detected errors or drift conditions, the system maintains optimal performance for multi-level modulation formats while compensating for their reduced noise and drift tolerance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If higher data transmission rates are implemented, then productivity increases, but inter symbol interference (ISI) increases due to dispersion effects

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission rateVSAvoidinter symbol interference
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs parallel delay interferometers that process different time slots or signal components separately. This segmentation allows independent equalization and interference mitigation for each channel, enabling high-speed transmission by processing multiple data streams in parallel while reducing the impact of ISI on each individual stream.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The phase control circuit acts as an intermediary between the received signal and the detection process. It pre-processes the signal by compensating for dispersion-induced phase errors and ISI before the final detection stage, thereby enabling higher data rates to be transmitted through the fiber optic channel with acceptable error rates.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Productivity

If advanced modulation formats like DQPSK are used, then spectral efficiency is improved, but measurement precision for phase control becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral efficiencyVSAvoidphase control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback control loops that continuously measure the received signal phase and amplitude, then adjust the delay interferometer settings accordingly. This closed-loop feedback system maintains precise phase control for DQPSK detection by compensating for drifts and errors in real-time, making the measurement process robust despite the complexity of the modulation format.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively reduces ISI and maintains phase control stability, enabling longer transmission distances or higher data rates with improved tolerance to noise and frequency drifts, even in the presence of chromatic dispersion and differential group delay.

Implementation Method 1

one delay interferometer (DI) in the case of DPSK or two parallel DIs in the case of DQPSK are inserted in the optical path at the receiver side to convert the differential phase modulation in to intensity modulation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical interference: Interference

Implementation Method 2

A power detector 24, which is tailored to remove clock signal components, provides a phase control signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric effect: Photoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2250777B1Phase control circuit and method for optical receivers
Publication Date: 2018.11.14 CISCO TECHNOLOGY INC
  • EP2250777B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2250777B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2250777B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

This invention relates to a phase control circuit for an optical receiver (1). The phase control circuit (9, 19) comprises a non-linear element (22) and a power detector (24). The non-linear element (22) has a rectifying characteristic, inputs the received electrical signal (7, 17) and provides a rectified signal at its output. The power detector (24) provides an error signal which is used to obtain a phase control signal (5) which is output by the phase control circuit. The invention further relates to a corresponding method for phase control of an optical receiver (1).