Multi-Phase Power Switch for Load Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current power distribution systems lack cost-effective mechanisms for advanced topology control and phase selectivity in multi-phase circuits, particularly for load balancing and fault management, often requiring expensive power electronics and transformers, and experiencing transients during phase switching.
Innovation Solution
A switch system with rotatable contact members and controllers that selectively connect lateral lines to different phases of a multi-phase power distribution system, allowing for automatic and efficient load balancing and phase switching without intermediate phase connections, using sensor systems to monitor and adjust load distribution and fault conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If expensive power electronics and transformers are used to achieve load balancing between phases, then load balancing capability is improved, but device cost and complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The invention divides the power distribution system into independently controllable phases, with each phase having its own switching mechanism. This allows selective connection/disconnection of individual phases to loads, enabling load balancing through simple switching operations rather than complex power electronics. The segmentation of control functions across multiple simple switches replaces the need for a single complex power electronic system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs simple, inexpensive mechanical or solid-state switches instead of expensive power electronics and transformers. These switches are designed for frequent operation and can be replaced if needed, providing a cost-effective alternative to durable but expensive power conversion equipment. The simplicity of the switching mechanism dramatically reduces device cost while maintaining load balancing functionality.
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional phase switching mechanisms are used, then phase switching capability is achieved, but transients are generated on the phases during switching
Solution Approach 1:
The control system monitors phase loads and proactively initiates switching operations before severe imbalances or fault conditions develop. By detecting early signs of load imbalance or potential faults, the system can smoothly transition loads between phases using controlled switching sequences, avoiding the sudden connections that cause transients. The preliminary detection and gradual redistribution prevent shock loads and voltage spikes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a control system as an intermediary between the power sources and loads, coordinating phase switching operations to minimize transients. This control intermediary manages the timing and sequence of switch operations, ensuring that loads are transferred smoothly between phases rather than through direct, abrupt switching. The control logic acts as a mediator that orchestrates the switching to maintain system stability.
3Device complexity
If fixed connections between loads and source phases are maintained, then system simplicity is preserved, but load balancing and fault management capability are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The invention transforms the static, fixed connections between loads and source phases into dynamic, controllable connections. Switches are installed at strategic points in the distribution system, allowing the topology to change in response to loading conditions and fault states. This dynamic reconfiguration capability enables automatic load balancing and fault isolation while maintaining relatively simple hardware compared to complex power electronic systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The control system automatically monitors phase conditions and initiates switching operations to balance loads and isolate faults without requiring manual intervention. The system serves itself by detecting imbalances and autonomously redistributing loads between phases, providing adaptive load balancing capability while keeping the overall system architecture simple and maintenance-free. This self-service approach eliminates the need for complex external control systems.
Data Source
AI summary
A switching system for switching between phases in a multi-phase power distribution system includes a switch for selectively connecting a lateral line to feeder conductors of different phases in a multi-phase power distribution system. Feeder terminals of the switch are configured to connect to feeder conductors of the multi-phase power distribution system. At least one output terminal of the switch is configured to connect to the lateral line. The feeder terminals are spaced about the body of the switch. A shaft and a rotatable contact member extending radially from the shaft are configured for rotating within the switch body to selectively connect the at least one output terminal to any one or more of the feeder terminals. At least one controller operates the switch to selectively change connection of the lateral line between the feeder conductors.