Phase Shifter Vector Sum Circuit Insertion Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing phase shifting devices for beamforming in high-frequency regions face challenges with large insertion loss and varying input/output matching characteristics, particularly in switching and reflection type phase shifters.
Innovation Solution
A phase shifting device is designed with enhanced integration and matching characteristics, incorporating a first balun, I/Q generator, control circuit, current source circuit, vector sum circuit, and second balun, which outputs differential signals based on control signals and phase signals, allowing for precise control of in-phase and quadrature currents through sub-vector sum circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If switching type or reflection type phase shifters are used, then ease of implementation and power consumption are improved, but insertion loss increases and input/output matching characteristics vary depending on phase state
Solution Approach 1:
The phase shifter is divided into multiple independent unit phase shifters, each handling a specific phase state. This segmentation allows each unit to be optimized for its specific function, reducing overall insertion loss while maintaining ease of implementation through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The multiple unit phase shifters work together to provide universal phase shifting capability across all required phase states. Each unit handles a specific phase range, and their combined operation achieves comprehensive phase control with consistently good matching characteristics across all phase states.
2Ease of manufacture
If switching type or reflection type phase shifters are used, then ease of implementation and power consumption are improved, but input/output matching characteristics vary depending on phase state
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the phase shifter into multiple specialized units, each unit maintains stable matching characteristics within its specific phase range. This eliminates the varying matching characteristics problem of conventional single-unit phase shifters while keeping the design straightforward.
Solution Approach 2:
The multiple unit phase shifters act as intermediaries that collectively provide stable input/output matching across all phase states. Each unit is designed to maintain consistent matching characteristics, and their combination ensures overall stability regardless of the selected phase state.
3Adaptability or versatility
If additional components like attenuators or variable gain amplifiers are added, then performance control is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The phase shifter integrates phase shifting and gain control functions into a single unified structure. The multiple unit phase shifters inherently provide both phase control and gain adjustment capabilities, eliminating the need for separate attenuators or variable gain amplifiers and thus reducing overall device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
Each unit phase shifter is designed to provide multiple functions including phase shifting and gain control. This multi-functionality allows the device to achieve comprehensive performance control without adding extra components, maintaining simplicity while enhancing adaptability.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a phase shifting device including a first balun outputting first and second differential input signals, an I/Q generator outputting first to fourth phase signals based on the first and second differential input signals, a control circuit outputting a first control signal, a second control signal, a plurality of in-phase select signals, and a plurality of quadrature select signals, a current source circuit including a first source transistor outputting an in-phase current according to the first control signal and a second source outputting a quadrature current according to the second control signal, a vector sum circuit outputting first and second differential output signals based on the first to fourth phase signals according to the plurality of in-phase select signals and the plurality of quadrature select signals and including a plurality of sub-vector sum circuits, and a second balun outputting an output signal.