Phased Array Ultrasonic Scanning for Aerospace Passageway Flaw Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques face challenges in detecting flaws associated with passageways, especially in aerospace components, as they often require disassembly and the use of mechanical fasteners, which increases complexity, cost, and reduces the ability to identify fatigue at early stages, and are not suitable for restricted access areas.

Innovation Solution

The method employs phased array ultrasonic scanning, which allows for the detection of flaws in passageways without disassembly by using a phased array probe that can electronically steer and focus ultrasonic beams, enabling in-situ testing of aerospace components with complex geometries and limited access, thereby increasing the probability of detecting anomalies and optimizing flaw characterization.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional NDT techniques are used to detect flaws in passageways, then detection capability is improved, but disassembly and use of mechanical fasteners are required, increasing complexity and cost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflaw detection capabilityVSAvoiddisassembly and mechanical fastener requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical access methods (disassembly and mechanical fasteners) with an acoustic field-based approach. Ultrasonic waves are used to probe the interior of passageways without requiring physical mechanical access, thereby eliminating the need for disassembly and mechanical fastening operations while maintaining flaw detection capability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an acoustic field as an intermediary medium to transmit information about the interior of passageways. Instead of direct mechanical access, ultrasonic waves serve as the intermediary that carries diagnostic information through the material, enabling indirect observation of flaws without physical intervention

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If conventional NDT techniques are used, then detection of some flaws is possible, but access to restricted areas is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflaw detection capabilityVSAvoidaccess to restricted areas
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes mechanical probing with acoustic wave propagation. Ultrasonic waves can penetrate and navigate complex geometries and restricted access areas that are inaccessible to mechanical probes or human operators, enabling inspection of hard-to-reach passageways without requiring physical access

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Measurement precision

If disassembly is performed to enable NDT, then flaw detection is possible, but time and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflaw detection capabilityVSAvoiddisassembly and reassembly time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical disassembly operations with non-contact acoustic inspection. By using ultrasonic waves that can penetrate materials and navigate internal geometries, the system eliminates the time-consuming processes of disassembly, inspection, and reassembly, enabling direct in-situ inspection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables inspection to be performed before any disassembly or maintenance activities. By using acoustic field methods that work through intact materials, the system allows for preliminary detection of flaws while the structure is still assembled, preventing the need for subsequent disassembly and reassembly cycles

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach facilitates non-destructive testing of aerospace components in situ, reducing the need for disassembly and new fasteners, while improving the detection of flaws and fatigue assessment, thus enhancing the longevity and operational use of aircraft beyond original design limits.

Implementation Method 1

phased array ultrasonic scanning

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectUltrasonic wave propagation: Ultrasound

Implementation Method 2

detection of flaws associated with passageways

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcoustic reflection: Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3830563B1Non-destructive testing using phased arrays
Publication Date: 2023.06.07 BAE SYSTEMS PLC
  • EP3830563B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3830563B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP3830563B1 patent drawingFigure 4A~4C

AI summary

A method of non-destructive testing of an article (20) is described. The article has a first surface (21). The article (20) article (20 comprises a set of passageways (200), including a first passageway (200 A). Respective sets of flaws (2000) are associated with respective passageways of the set of passageways (200), including a first set of flaws (2000A), optionally including a first flaw (2000AA), associated with the first passageway (200 A). The method comprises phased array ultrasonic scanning of the article (20) using a phased array probe communicatively coupled thereto through the first surface (21); and detecting the first flaw (2000AA), if included in the first set of flaws (2000A) associated with the first passageway (200A).