Phenolate Ionic Complexes for Stable Oral Phenolic Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Phenolic substances exhibit low chemical stability, solubility, and bioavailability in aqueous solutions, limiting their oral delivery and requiring pro-drug substitutes, and there is a need for improved skin penetration.
Innovation Solution
Transformation of phenol-containing active materials into phenolate salts with metal, phosphonium, or ammonium cations to enhance chemical stability, solubility, and bioavailability, allowing for multi-drug vehicles in a single dosage form.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If phenolic substances are used in aqueous solutions, then they can be delivered orally, but they exhibit low chemical stability due to oxidation or reaction with aldehydes and nucleophiles
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms phenolic substances into phenolate salts by changing their chemical form from neutral phenols to ionic phenolate anions. This parameter change fundamentally alters the chemical stability profile, preventing oxidation and unwanted reactions while maintaining aqueous solubility for oral delivery
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces counterions (metal cations, phosphonium cations, or ammonium cations) as intermediaries that associate with phenolate anions to form stable salts. These counterions act as protective partners that enhance the stability of phenolic compounds in aqueous environments without interfering with their therapeutic activity
2Ease of operation
If phenolic substances are used in aqueous solutions, then they can be delivered orally, but they have low solubility and bioavailability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical-chemical parameters of phenolic compounds by converting them into ionic phenolate salts. This transformation dramatically improves aqueous solubility and bioavailability while preserving the ability to be administered orally, eliminating the need for complex pro-drug formulations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite ionic structures consisting of phenolate anions paired with various counterions (metal cations, phosphonium cations, or ammonium cations). These composite salt structures combine the therapeutic properties of phenolic compounds with enhanced solubility and bioavailability characteristics
3Ease of operation
If phenolic substances are transformed into pro-drug substitutes, then oral administration is enabled, but the original phenolic structure is modified
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of modifying phenolic compounds into pro-drugs that require metabolic activation, the patent inverts the approach by directly using phenolate salts as the active form. The phenolate anion itself provides the therapeutic effect, eliminating the need for structural modification and pro-drug conversion mechanisms
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The phenolate salts provide improved chemical stability, solubility, and bioavailability, enabling efficient delivery and increased purity, with applications in medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture.
Implementation Method 1
the bond associating the metal cation and the charged oxygen atom on the phenolate material is an ionic bond
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides an isolated material, or a phenolate form of at least one phenol-containing active material, wherein the isolated material comprises one or more phenolate species and a counter ion (a cation) in the form of a metal salt, a phosphonium or an ammonium.