Phospholipid Extraction from Biological Tissue for Bioprosthesis Calcification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Biological prostheses face issues with calcification due to high phospholipid content in biological tissues, leading to undesirable stiffening and degradation over time, which reduces their usable life.
Innovation Solution
Reducing phospholipid concentration in biological tissues by immersing them in an isopropyl alcohol solution, either alone or mixed with water, for an effective period, which can result in a reduction of at least 10% of the initial phospholipid concentration, thereby facilitating reduced calcification and enhancing tissue stability before chemical fixation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If glutaraldehyde fixation is used to stabilize collagen tissue, then tissue stability is improved, but phospholipid content remains high leading to calcification
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary phospholipid extraction using organic solvents (isopropyl alcohol, acetone, or ethanol) before glutaraldehyde fixation. This preliminary action removes the harmful phospholipids that would otherwise lead to calcification, allowing the subsequent fixation to stabilize the tissue without the calcification risk
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts phospholipids from the biological tissue using organic solvents before fixation. This extraction removes the specific harmful component (phospholipids) that causes calcification, while preserving the beneficial collagen structure for stabilization
2Object-affected harmful factors
If phospholipid concentration is reduced by organic solvent treatment, then calcification is reduced, but additional processing time is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses organic solvents (isopropyl alcohol, acetone, or ethanol) to change the chemical environment and selectively extract phospholipids. This parameter change in the treatment medium enables efficient phospholipid removal without requiring excessively long processing times
3Reliability
If phospholipid content is high in harvested tissue, then native tissue properties are preserved, but calcification occurs reducing implant longevity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary phospholipid extraction before fixation and implantation. This preliminary action eliminates the phospholipids that would generate harmful calcification effects, thereby improving implant longevity while preserving native tissue properties through the extraction process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method effectively reduces calcification in biological tissues, improving the durability and longevity of bioprostheses by stabilizing the tissue and minimizing phospholipid content before fixation, thus extending the implant's usable life.
Implementation Method 1
The biological tissue is immersed in an isopropyl alcohol solution for an effective period of time. After the effective period of time, the biological tissue has a phospholipid concentration that is at least 10 percent by weight less than an initial phospholipid concentration of the biological tissue.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of reducing phospholipid concentration in biological tissue. The biological tissue is immersed in an isopropyl alcohol solution for an effective period of time. After the effective period of time, the biological tissue has a phospholipid concentration that is at least 10 percent by weight less than an initial phospholipid concentration of the biological tissue.