Quaternary Phosphonium Clay Electrolyte for Lithium Ion Battery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries face issues such as electrolyte decomposition at high temperatures and co-intercalation effects between the electrolyte and lithium ions, leading to swelling and reduced cycling life, as well as peeling off of anode materials from the cathode, which degrade battery performance.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte solution is developed comprising a carrier, a lithium salt, and an inorganic clay modified by an organic quaternary phosphonium salt, which enhances lithium ion conductivity, reduces irreversible capacity, and improves thermal stability by enlarging the interlayer pitch of the clay, facilitating efficient lithium ion transfer and preventing decomposition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electrolyte is used, then the battery can operate, but the electrolyte decomposes at high temperatures causing swelling and reduced cycling life
Solution Approach 1:
Inorganic clay particles are introduced as intermediary substances between the electrolyte and electrode materials. These clay particles form a protective interface layer that mediates the interaction, preventing direct contact and harmful reactions between the electrolyte and electrodes, thereby improving thermal stability and cycling life
Solution Approach 2:
The electrolyte system is transformed from a simple liquid electrolyte to a composite system containing inorganic clay particles dispersed in the electrolyte. This composite structure combines the ionic conductivity of the liquid electrolyte with the thermal stability and structural integrity of inorganic clay, resolving the contradiction between operational performance and thermal stability
2Reliability
If conventional electrolyte is used, then lithium ions can be conducted, but co-intercalation effects cause anode materials to peel off from cathode
Solution Approach 1:
Inorganic clay particles serve as intermediary layers between the electrolyte and electrode surfaces. These intermediaries prevent the co-intercalation of electrolyte molecules with lithium ions into the electrode structure, thereby preventing anode material peeling and maintaining electrode structural stability while still allowing lithium ion conduction
3Reliability
If inorganic clay is added to electrolyte, then thermal stability and lithium ion conductivity improve, but the fabrication process becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The inorganic clay particles are pre-modified with organic quaternary phosphonium salts before being added to the electrolyte. This preliminary modification step enhances the dispersion compatibility and interfacial compatibility of the clay particles, ensuring uniform distribution and effective performance without requiring complex subsequent processing steps
Solution Approach 2:
The surface properties of inorganic clay particles are modified by changing their chemical parameters through organic quaternary phosphonium salt treatment. This parameter change improves the compatibility between clay particles and the organic electrolyte components, enabling uniform dispersion and simplifying the overall fabrication process while maintaining enhanced performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified electrolyte solution improves thermal stability, reduces irreversible capacity, and extends the cycling life of lithium ion batteries by enhancing lithium ion conductivity and preventing electrolyte decomposition under high temperatures and voltages.
Implementation Method 1
an inorganic clay modified by an organic quaternary phosphonium salt
Implementation Method 2
the additive is an inorganic clay modified by an organic quaternary phosphonium salt
Implementation Method 3
enhances lithium ion conductivity
Implementation Method 4
enlarging the interlayer pitch of the clay
Implementation Method 5
preventing decomposition
Data Source
AI summary
An electrolyte for a lithium ion battery is provided, including a carrier, a lithium salt dissolved in the carrier, and an additive uniformly dispersed in the carrier, wherein the additive is an inorganic clay modified by an organic quaternary phosphonium salt. Also provided is a method for fabricating an electrolyte solution and a lithium ion battery.