Phosphono-Phosphate Synthesis by Dehydration for Aqueous Stability
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing chemical structures that interact with multivalent cations, such as polyphosphates and bisphosphonates, suffer from degradation issues in aqueous solutions, limited solubility in non-polar organic systems, and safety concerns for human consumption, making them unsuitable for certain applications.
Innovation Solution
The synthesis of phosphono-phosphate compounds through mixing phosphonic acid or phosphonates with a source of phosphoric acid or phosphate, followed by dehydration, creates a stable composition that interacts with multivalent cations and is conditionally stable, releasing phosphate under acidic or catalyzed conditions, allowing for solubility in organic solvents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If polyphosphates are used to interact with multivalent cations, then they are safe for consumption and find use in food products, but they are prone to degradation over time in aqueous solutions leading to increase in ortho phosphate
Solution Approach 1:
The polyphosphate chain is segmented into individual phosphonic acid groups attached to a central phosphate core, creating a phosphono-phosphate structure that maintains safety while improving stability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite molecular structure combining phosphonic acid groups with a phosphate core, resulting in a compound that exhibits both the safety of polyphosphates and the stability of bisphosphonates
2Reliability
If bisphosphonates are used to interact with multivalent cations, then they are stable in water for long periods of time, but they are bone active and cannot be used in foods or other systems where they might be accidentally consumed
Solution Approach 1:
The phosphono-phosphate structure localizes the phosphate-binding functionality at the central phosphate core while the phosphonic acid groups provide conditional stability, creating a molecule with differentiated functional zones that achieves water stability without bone activity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the chemical parameters of the phosphate group by attaching phosphonic acid groups, transforming it from a stable but bone-active bisphosphonate into a conditionally stable, non-bone-active phosphono-phosphate compound
3Object-affected harmful factors
If polyphosphates are used to interact with multivalent cations, then they are generally safe for consumption, but they are quite anionic in nature and are not soluble in non-polar organic systems
Solution Approach 1:
The phosphono-phosphate structure changes the charge parameters of the molecule, reducing the anionic character compared to polyphosphates while maintaining multivalent cation interaction capability, thereby enabling solubility in non-polar organic systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The phosphono-phosphate compounds provide stability and solubility suitable for various applications, including those where polyphosphates and bisphosphonates are limited, ensuring safety for human consumption and environmental stability.
Implementation Method 1
dehydrating the mixture to produce a phosphono-phosphate compound
Data Source
AI summary
A method of making a phosphono-phosphate compound is disclosed. The method involves a first step of mixing a first component comprising a phosphonic acid, a phosphonate or mixtures thereof, with a second component comprising a source of phosphoric acid or phosphate. The mixture has a molar phosphorous ratio of the first component to the second component of from 1:1 to 1:10. The second step involves either physically or chemically dehydrating the mixture to produce a phosphono-phosphate compound.