Phosphorated Polymer Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, such as metal phosphides, exhibit poor cycle performance and high production costs due to the use of expensive orthorhombic black phosphorus and complex manufacturing processes.
Innovation Solution
A phosphorated polymer with a conductive main-chain and electrochemically active phosphorus side-chains is developed, made through a dehydrogenation reaction between an organic polymer and phosphorus, which can be easily synthesized and integrated into lithium-ion batteries, offering a cost-effective and high-capacity alternative.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If metal phosphides such as MnP4, CoP3, CuP2 are used as anode materials, then the ability to react reversibly with large amounts of Lithium is improved, but the cycle performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials by combining phosphorus with conductive polymers (such as polyacetylene, polythiophene, polyaniline) to create phosphorated polymer composites. This composite structure maintains the high lithium storage capacity of phosphorus while the polymer matrix provides structural stability and conductivity, resolving the cycle performance issue of pure metal phosphides
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical state and bonding parameters of phosphorus by forming phosphorated polymers through dehydrogenation reactions. This transforms phosphorus from its conventional metal phosphide form into a polymer-integrated phosphorated structure with improved electrochemical stability and reversible lithium insertion/extraction properties
2Quantity of substance
If orthorhombic black phosphorus is used in the black P-carbon composite, then the lithium storage capacity is improved, but the manufacturing complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive orthorhombic black phosphorus with more readily available phosphorus forms (such as red phosphorus or phosphorus compounds) combined with conductive polymers. This substitution maintains adequate lithium storage capacity while dramatically reducing material cost and manufacturing complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the crystalline structure parameter from requiring precise orthorhombic black phosphorus to using amorphous or less-structured phosphorus forms integrated into polymer matrices, simplifying the manufacturing process while maintaining functional performance
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional anode materials are used, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the charge/discharge capacity is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by introducing phosphorus-containing functional groups into polymer structures through dehydrogenation reactions. This creates phosphorated polymers with high lithium storage capacity while maintaining processability and relatively simple manufacturing procedures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite phosphorated polymer materials that combine the high capacity of phosphorus with the processability and structural integrity of conductive polymers, achieving both high charge/discharge capacity and ease of manufacture
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The phosphorated polymer demonstrates improved charge/discharge capacity and cycle performance, with charge/discharge capacities ranging from 250 mAh/g to 1500 mAh/g and coulombic efficiency greater than 95%, reducing the overall cost and complexity of lithium-ion battery production.
Implementation Method 1
made through a dehydrogenation reaction between an organic polymer and phosphorus
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure is related to a method for making a phosphorated polymer for electrochemical reversible lithium storage. A mixture including organic polymer and phosphorus is first heated and then cooled down to room temperature. The mixture is immersed in an alkaline solution after cooling own to room temperature. The pH of the mixture is adjusted to be neutral after immersing in the alkaline solution. The alkaline solution is removed.