Phosphorus Oligomer Polyester Resin for Flame Retardancy Without Polymer Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional thermoplastic polyester resins require halogen-based flame retardants that generate toxic gases and degrade physical properties when excessive amounts are used, and non-halogen flame retardants used in polymerization lower the degree of polymerization.
Innovation Solution
A phosphorus-containing oligomer is synthesized and incorporated into the polyester resin, participating in polymerization to enhance flame retardancy and maintain physical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If halogen-based flame retardant is used to improve flame retardancy, then flame retardant effect is enhanced, but toxic halogen gas is generated and physical properties are degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the chemical composition parameter by using phosphorus-containing compounds (specifically phosphinic acid and phosphinate esters) instead of halogen-based flame retardants. This parameter change maintains flame retardant effectiveness while eliminating toxic gas generation, as phosphorus-based flame retardants decompose to form protective char layers rather than releasing toxic halogen gases.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs low molecular weight phosphorus-containing compounds that can be easily incorporated into the polyester resin matrix. These compounds serve as effective flame retardants without requiring excessive amounts, thus avoiding the problem of physical property degradation that occurs with excessive flame retardant loading.
2Reliability
If excessive amount of flame retardant is used to achieve desired flame retarding effects, then flame retardancy is improved, but physical properties are excessively degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The invention optimizes the molecular weight parameter of the phosphorus-containing compounds, using low molecular weight variants (specifically phosphinic acid and phosphinate esters with controlled chain lengths) that provide high flame retardant efficiency at lower loading levels. This parameter optimization allows achieving desired flame retardancy while minimizing the degrading effect on physical properties.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If non-halogen flame retardant is used to avoid toxic gas, then environmental friendliness is improved, but degree of polymerization is lowered and physical properties are degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The invention carefully controls the molecular weight parameter of the phosphorus-containing compounds within a specific range (low molecular weight but not monomeric). This parameter control allows the compounds to function as effective flame retardants while being sufficiently small to not interfere with the polymerization process and degree of polymerization of the polyester resin.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses phosphorus-containing compounds that structurally resemble the polyester backbone (containing similar ester and hydrocarbon groups), allowing them to be incorporated into the polymer matrix without disrupting the polymerization process. This structural similarity enables the flame retardant to be integrated into the polymer chain without acting as a chain terminator.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The phosphorus oligomer improves flame retardancy and polymerization degree, preventing degradation of physical properties and environmental pollution, while maintaining resin transparency and colorlessness.
Implementation Method 1
a method of imparting flame retardancy to a polyester resin using a non-halogen flame retardant
Implementation Method 2
performing polyester-polymerization using the phosphorus containing oligomer
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides: a phosphorous (P) oligomer; a novel polyester resin comprising a structural unit derived therefrom, and thus having excellent flame retardancy and a high degree of polymerization; a thermoplastic resin composition comprising the polyester resin; and a molded product using same. By synthesizing in a novel manner an oligomer of a predetermined structure containing phosphor (P) in place of a phosphorous flame retardant in a single compound form which does not participate in an existing polymerization reaction, and polymerizing polyester by means of same, the present invention not only improves the flame retardancy of the resin itself, but also adjusts the degree of polymerization to enhance the physical stability of a final polyester resin.