Phosphorylcholine Polymer Additives to Prevent Nucleic Acid Adsorption
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Solution Overview
Problem
Nonspecific adsorption of nucleic acids to container surfaces during manipulation, storage, and transportation leads to DNA loss, especially at low concentrations, posing challenges in detection, quantification, and sequencing processes, and existing solutions require modifying all contacting members, which is inconvenient.
Innovation Solution
A nucleic acid adsorption inhibitor comprising specific polymers with phosphoryl choline groups, such as 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and copolymers with (meth)acrylic acid and (alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms)-carbonyl groups, added to the nucleic acid solution to inhibit adsorption to containers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If nucleic acid solution is manipulated and stored in conventional containers, then the solution can be handled and stored, but nucleic acid adsorbs to container surfaces causing concentration loss and reduced detection sensitivity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a polymer containing phosphoryl choline groups as an intermediary substance that binds to container surfaces and prevents nucleic acid adsorption. This mediator creates a protective interface between the nucleic acid solution and the container, eliminating direct contact and preventing concentration loss while maintaining handling capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical properties of the container surface by adding polymers with specific functional groups (phosphoryl choline, carboxy, or alkoxy-carbonyl groups). These parameter changes in surface chemistry create repulsive or non-adsorptive interactions that prevent nucleic acid binding, thereby maintaining concentration and detection sensitivity.
2Quantity of substance
If plastic containers are modified to inhibit nucleic acid adsorption, then nucleic acid yield improves, but all members must be replaced with modified versions which is inconvenient
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of permanently modifying container structures, the patent uses a soluble polymer intermediary that can be added to the nucleic acid solution. This approach allows the same conventional containers to be used without replacement, while the polymer mediator provides the adsorption inhibition function, greatly improving ease of operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from static container modification to dynamic addition of inhibitory polymer to the solution. The polymer concentration can be adjusted dynamically based on nucleic acid concentration and application requirements, providing flexibility and convenience that fixed modified containers cannot offer.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If coating materials are applied to container surfaces to suppress nucleic acid adsorption, then adsorption is inhibited, but previous application of technology to all members is required which is inconvenient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex surface coating manufacturing processes with a simple soluble polymer intermediary that is added to the solution. This mediator provides the same adsorption inhibition function without requiring any manufacturing or application steps, greatly simplifying implementation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a disposable soluble polymer that can be added to each sample independently. This approach is simpler and more flexible than permanent container coatings, allowing each sample to be treated individually without investing in modified container infrastructure.
4Measurement precision
If target DNA at extremely low concentrations is analyzed, then sensitive detection is achieved, but DNA loss due to adsorption becomes a serious problem
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a phosphoryl choline-containing polymer mediator that specifically protects low-concentration nucleic acids from adsorption loss. This mediator ensures that even trace amounts of DNA remain in solution throughout manipulation and storage, maintaining both detection sensitivity and analytical accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the solution chemistry by adding polymers with specific functional groups that change the surface interaction parameters. This parameter change prevents adsorption of low-concentration nucleic acids to container surfaces, ensuring reliable and accurate analysis of trace samples.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The inhibitor effectively reduces nucleic acid adsorption to surfaces, enhancing detection sensitivity and storage stability of nucleic acid samples by maintaining concentration and preventing loss.
Implementation Method 1
a polymer consisting only of constitutional units derived from monomer a having a phosphoryl choline group
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a nucleic acid adsorption inhibitor containing one or more polymers selected from the following Group A : [Group A] polymer A1: a polymer consisting only of constitutional units derived from monomer a having a phosphoryl choline group; polymer A2: a copolymer comprising constitutional units derived from the aforementioned monomer a, and constitutional units derived from monomer b having a carboxy group; and polymer A3: a copolymer comprising constitutional units derived from the aforementioned monomer a, and constitutional units derived from monomer c having an (alkoxy having 1 to 20 carbon atoms)-carbonyl group; provided that polymer A1 to polymer A3 do not contain a constitutional unit containing a cationic functional group other than a phosphorylcholine group.