Phosphorylcholine Polymer Treatment for Protein Adsorption Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for suppressing non-specific protein adsorption in clinical laboratory tests and diagnostic assays are inadequate, particularly when using chemically synthesized products, as they often fail to enhance detection sensitivity due to biological contamination and lot-to-lot variation issues with biological origin proteins.
Innovation Solution
Treatment of a solid phase with a phosphorylcholine group-containing polymer and a specimen with a polymer having a phosphorylcholine group, a hydroxy group, and a hydrophobic group, followed by addition of the treated specimen to the solid phase, effectively suppressing non-specific protein adsorption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a protein of biological origin (such as bovine serum albumin) is used to suppress non-specific protein adsorption, then non-specific protein adsorption is suppressed, but biological contamination and lot-to-lot variation occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses chemically synthesized polymers that replicate the adsorption-blocking function of biological proteins without the biological contamination and lot-to-lot variation issues. The synthesized polymers mimic the surface-blocking capability of proteins like bovine serum albumin while being free from biological hazards and batch variability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from using biological materials to chemically synthesized polymers, fundamentally changing the material parameter from organic biological substance to synthetic polymer. This parameter change eliminates biological contamination and lot-to-lot variation while maintaining the essential function of suppressing non-specific protein adsorption.
2Reliability
If chemically synthesized products are used to suppress non-specific protein adsorption, then biological contamination is reduced, but detection sensitivity is not sufficiently enhanced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite polymer structures containing multiple functional groups (phosphorylcholine groups, hydroxy groups, and hydrophobic groups) to achieve both reliable non-specific protein adsorption suppression and enhanced detection sensitivity. The composite nature of these polymers allows them to perform multiple functions simultaneously.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces specific functional groups at different locations within the polymer structure: phosphorylcholine groups for protein adsorption suppression, hydroxy groups for interaction with biomolecules, and hydrophobic groups for enhancing detection sensitivity. This local differentiation of functional properties resolves the contradiction between reliability and measurement precision.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If physical adsorption of chemically synthesized products onto solid phase surface is used, then non-specific adsorption is precluded to some extent, but detection sensitivity is not sufficiently improved
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the interaction mechanism from simple physical adsorption to a more complex combination of physical and chemical interactions. The polymer's functional groups (phosphorylcholine, hydroxy, hydrophobic) enable multiple types of interactions with both the solid phase and biomolecules, thereby enhancing detection sensitivity while maintaining non-specific adsorption suppression.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method achieves high non-specific protein adsorption suppression, overcoming limitations of biological origin proteins by using chemically synthesized products, thereby improving detection sensitivity and reducing biological contamination risks.
Implementation Method 1
there has been used a method of suppressing non-specific protein adsorption by allowing a protein of biological origin, such as bovine serum albumin, casein, or gelatin, that is not involved in the immune reaction to adsorb onto the immune reaction vessel or the solid phase surface
Implementation Method 2
Those methods each express an effect solely by allowing the chemically synthesized product serving as the non-specific protein adsorption-suppressing agent to physically adsorb onto the solid phase surface
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a novel method of suppressing non-specific protein adsorption. The above-mentioned object can be achieved by treating a solid phase with a solid phase-treating liquid containing a phosphorylcholine group-containing polymer as a main component, and treating a specimen with a specimen-treating liquid containing, as a main component, a polymer having a phosphorylcholine group, a hydroxy group, and a hydrophobic group, followed by addition of the treated specimen to the treated solid phase.