Photoacoustic Quantitative Texture Measurement for Non-Invasive Snack Testing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing texture measurement methods for food products are invasive, time-consuming, and lack accurate correlation with sensory perception, failing to replicate human mastication and providing weak correlations with taste panel scores.

Innovation Solution

A non-invasive photoacoustic system using a laser to excite food samples, capturing acoustic signals across a broad frequency range, and processing them to develop a quantitative texture model correlated with expert panel scores.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If sensory evaluation is used to assess texture, then accurate consumer preference data is obtained, but the process becomes time-consuming and expensive

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetexture measurement accuracyVSAvoidevaluation time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/sensory evaluation system with a photoacoustic measurement system. A laser beam interacts with the food sample to generate acoustic signals that correlate with texture properties, eliminating the need for human sensory panels while maintaining measurement accuracy and enabling rapid assessment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If invasive texture measurement instruments are used, then quantitative data is obtained, but the method becomes destructive and fails to correlate well with sensory perception

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetexture quantification accuracyVSAvoidsample destruction
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces invasive mechanical probes with non-invasive photoacoustic measurement. A laser beam interacts with the sample to generate acoustic signals without physical contact or destruction, preserving the sample while obtaining quantitative texture data that correlates with sensory perception.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces acoustic signals as an intermediary between the laser energy and the texture measurement. The photoacoustic effect converts optical energy to acoustic signals that carry information about the sample's mechanical properties, enabling indirect but accurate texture assessment without mechanical contact.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Measurement precision

If conventional texture analyzers are used, then force measurements are obtained, but the results do not adequately replicate human mastication and show weak correlation with taste panel scores

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetexture attribute measurementVSAvoidreplication of human mastication
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical compression tests with photoacoustic measurement that captures the sample's response to laser-induced vibration. This approach better replicates the dynamic nature of human mastication and produces results with strong correlation to sensory evaluation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Provides accurate, shape-independent, and reproducible texture measurements with high correlation (R² > 0.9) and minimal sample requirements, offering instant results and reduced costs.

Implementation Method 1

directing electromagnetic wave (energy) such as a laser to strike the food snack; generating an acoustic signal from the snack food

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoacoustic effect: Photoacoustic Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3353499B1Quantitative texture measurement apparatus and method
Publication Date: 2025.11.05 FRITO LAY NORTH AMERICA INC
  • EP3353499B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3353499B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3353499B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A photo acoustic non-destructive measurement apparatus and method for quantitatively measuring texture of a food snack is disclosed. The apparatus includes a laser generating tool, an acoustic capturing device, and a data processing unit. The laser generating tool directs a laser towards a food snack placed on a surface and creates pressure waves that propagate through the air and produce an acoustic signal. The acoustic capturing device records and forwards the signal to a data processing unit. The data processing unit further comprises a digital signal processing module that processes the received acoustic signal. A statistical processing module further filters the acoustic signal from the data processing unit and generates a quantitative acoustic model for texture attributes such as hardness and fracturability. The quantitative model is correlated with a qualitative texture measurement from a descriptive expert panel. Texture of food snacks are quantitatively measured with the quantitative acoustic model.