Photoactive Bioadhesive Compositions for Tissue Fixation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current tissue fixation methods, such as screws and sutures, have limitations including the need for subsequent operations, interference with mobility, and high complication rates like infection and tissue inflammation, while bioadhesives face challenges with adhesive strength and biocompatibility.
Innovation Solution
Development of photoactive bioadhesive compositions containing diazirine derivatives, which are covalently attached to biocompatible polymers like PLGA, allowing for on-demand activation with UV or NIR light to achieve strong and biocompatible tissue fixation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional fixation devices (screws, pins, wires, sutures) are used for tissue fixation, then mechanical strength and fixation reliability are improved, but device complexity, need for subsequent operations, and interference with mobility increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical fixation systems (screws, pins, wires, sutures) with a photoactivated biochemical adhesion system. The bioadhesive composition contains photopolymerizable monomers and photoinitiators that form covalent bonds between tissue surfaces upon UV light irradiation, eliminating the need for mechanical fasteners and subsequent removal operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and eliminates the need for complex mechanical fixation devices and subsequent removal operations by using a self-contained photoactivated bioadhesive system that achieves fixation through chemical bonding rather than mechanical interlocking.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If resorbable implants are used to avoid permanent foreign bodies, then biocompatibility is improved, but adhesive strength and mechanical properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite material design by combining biocompatible polymer matrices (such as polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, or natural polymers) with photopolymerizable monomers and crosslinking agents. This creates a resorbable implant that maintains mechanical strength through photoactivated crosslinking while preserving biocompatibility through the use of benign, degradable polymer components.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the physical and chemical parameters of the bioadhesive through photoactivation. UV light irradiation triggers polymerization and crosslinking reactions that transform the material from a soft, adhesive state to a strengthened, gel-like state, achieving both biocompatibility and mechanical strength in a resorbable system.
3Strength
If cyanoacrylate bioadhesives are used for strong tissue adhesion, then adhesive strength is improved, but biocompatibility and flexibility deteriorate due to brittleness and tissue toxicity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition and physical properties of bioadhesives by using photopolymerizable monomers that form flexible crosslinked networks upon UV activation. This changes the material from brittle cyanoacrylate to a flexible, biocompatible gel that maintains strength while improving tissue compatibility and adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite bioadhesive formulations combining biocompatible polymers with photopolymerizable monomers, achieving a synergistic effect where the polymer matrix provides flexibility and biocompatibility while the crosslinked network delivers adhesive strength through photoactivated bonding.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If fibrin-based tissue adhesives are used for biocompatibility, then biocompatibility is improved, but adhesive strength and mechanical properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the enzymatic bonding mechanism of fibrin adhesives with a photoactivated polymerization system. This substitution allows for stronger, more controlled adhesion through UV-light-induced crosslinking of photopolymerizable monomers, achieving both biocompatibility and enhanced mechanical strength.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the bonding mechanism from enzymatic (fibrinogen-thrombin) to photochemical, enabling controlled activation of strong covalent bonds through UV light irradiation. This parameter change in the activation mechanism allows for superior adhesive strength while maintaining the biocompatibility of the polymer matrix.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The bioadhesive compositions provide strong and biocompatible tissue fixation with minimal toxicity and inflammation, enabling effective use in surgeries like gastrointestinal procedures and blood vessel anastomosis, reducing the need for invasive fixation devices.
Implementation Method 1
photoactive bioadhesive compositions containing diazirine derivatives... allowing for on-demand activation with UV or NIR light to achieve strong and biocompatible tissue fixation
Implementation Method 2
diazirine derivatives... covalently attached to biocompatible polymers... on-demand activation with UV or NIR light
Data Source
AI summary
A novel diazirine-based biocompatible polymer that can be used as on-demand or tunable bioadhesive and applied across various clinically important surfaces. The biocompatible polymer comprises a single strand of repeating units and up to 5,000 photoreactive diazirine groups covalently attached to it. A bioadhesive composition comprises the polymer of the present invention and suitable solvents, surfactants, stabilizers, fillers and other additives. The composition may additionally contain metallic particles of size less than 50 micron made of rare earth elements and has UV or NIR transparency less than 1 optical density unit per 1 centimeter. The poly-diazirine surface grafted thin films can be used for minimally invasive surgeries.