Non-invasive Photobiomodulation via Energy Modulation Agents
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for treating cell proliferation disorders, such as cancer and autoimmune diseases, face challenges in differentiating between normal and target cells, leading to non-selective damage and the need for invasive procedures due to limited penetration of light-based therapies.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the application of an initiation energy source, potentially combined with energy modulation agents and plasmonics-active agents, to selectively target and modify target structures within the body, inducing predetermined changes in target cells while minimizing impact on healthy cells, allowing for non-invasive or minimally invasive treatments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If light-based therapy is used to treat cell proliferation disorders, then non-invasive treatment is achieved, but light penetration depth is limited and selectivity between normal and target cells is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces energy modulation agents (such as upconversion nanoparticles or two-photon absorbing molecules) as intermediaries that convert low-energy, deeply-penetrating initiation energy (infrared or near-infrared light) into high-energy activation energy (visible or UV light) at the target site. This mediator enables deep tissue penetration while maintaining the ability to activate therapeutic agents at the desired depth.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes in energy wavelength and intensity through nonlinear optical processes. By using pulsed laser excitation at specific wavelengths and intensities, the system achieves wavelength conversion that enables both deep penetration and selective activation of photopharmaceuticals at the target location.
2Reliability
If conventional photodynamic therapy is used, then cell proliferation disorders can be treated, but selectivity between normal and target cells is poor leading to non-selective damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs photopharmaceuticals that are selectively targeted to diseased cells through antibody conjugation, receptor binding, or cellular uptake mechanisms. This ensures that the phototherapeutic agent is localized specifically at the target site, so that when activated by light, only the diseased cells are affected while healthy cells remain unaffected.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts or isolates the therapeutic effect to only the target cells by using cell-specific targeting moieties attached to the photopharmaceutical. This selective binding extracts the therapeutic action from the general tissue and confines it to the specific pathological cells, eliminating damage to healthy tissue.
3Length of stationary object
If invasive procedures are used to reach deep tissues, then treatment access is achieved, but patient morbidity and treatment complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical invasive access with optical energy delivery. Instead of physically inserting devices or instruments into deep tissues, the system uses photons (infrared or near-infrared light) that can penetrate deep into biological tissues without mechanical intervention, thereby eliminating the need for surgical incisions or catheter insertions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables precise and effective treatment of target cells with reduced side effects, achieving selective modification of biological activities in deep tissues without the need for invasive procedures, thereby improving treatment outcomes for cell proliferation disorders.
Implementation Method 1
Photobiomodulation also known as low level laser therapy (LLLT), cold laser therapy, and laser biostimulation, is an emerging medical and veterinary technique in which exposure to low-level laser light can stimulate or inhibit cellular function leading to beneficial clinical effects.
Implementation Method 2
A photoacceptor must first absorb the light used for the irradiation. After promotion of electronically excited states, primary molecule processes from these states can lead to a measurable biological effect
Implementation Method 3
wherein the plasmonics-active agent enhances or modifies the applied initiation energy, such that the enhanced initiation energy activates the activatable agent in situ
Data Source
AI summary
Products, compositions, systems, and methods for modifying a target structure which mediates or is associated with a biological activity, including treatment of conditions, disorders, or diseases mediated by or associated with a target structure, such as a virus, cell, subcellular structure or extracellular structure. The methods may be performed in situ in a non-invasive manner by application of an initiation energy to a subject thus producing an effect on or change to the target structure directly or via a modulation agent. The methods may further be performed by application of an initiation energy to a subject in situ to activate a pharmaceutical agent directly or via an energy modulation agent, optionally in the presence of one or more plasmonics active agents, thus producing an effect on or change to the target structure. Kits containing products or compositions formulated or configured and systems for use in practicing these methods.