Photoelectric Feedback Sensing System for Biological Sample Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biological sensing systems face challenges in distinguishing between signal changes caused by biological samples and fluctuations in light intensity due to environmental temperature or aging of light sources, leading to instability and increased costs with bulky and specialized equipment.
Innovation Solution
A photoelectrical feedback sensing system comprising a light-emitting unit, first and second photo detectors, a micro-processor, and a feedback circuit, which uses a periodic square wave driving signal to maintain stable light intensity by compensating for temperature changes and noise interference, allowing the use of common light-emitting diodes and detectors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If light emitting diodes or lasers are used to measure optical characteristics, then the system can detect biological samples, but the light intensity changes with temperature or aging causing measurement instability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback control system where a reference light path monitors the light source intensity and feeds this information back to a control circuit. The control circuit adjusts the light source driving current in real-time to compensate for intensity drift caused by temperature changes or aging, thereby maintaining measurement stability and reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a reference light path as an intermediary element that does not interact with the biological sample but instead monitors the light source output. This reference path serves as a mediator between the light source and the detection system, providing real-time feedback on light intensity variations without being affected by the sample itself
2Reliability
If specialized light emitting units and photoreceivers are used to maintain stability, then measurement reliability improves, but system cost increases and volume increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the light source serve multiple functions: it simultaneously provides the measurement beam that interacts with the biological sample and the reference beam that monitors light intensity stability. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate specialized stable light sources, reducing system cost and complexity while maintaining measurement reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses its own light source to generate both the measurement and reference beams, making the light source self-sufficient. The feedback control circuit automatically adjusts the light source based on its own output monitoring, eliminating the need for external specialized equipment and reducing system dependency on costly components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves stable light intensity, reduces costs, and enhances sensitivity by compensating for temperature fluctuations and noise, improving the accuracy of biological sensing with a miniaturized and cost-effective setup.
Implementation Method 1
a light-emitting unit (11), a sensing apparatus (12), a first photo detector (13), a second photo detector (14)
Implementation Method 2
The first photo detector (13) receives the first light signal and outputs a first electric signal corresponding to the intensity of the first light signal
Implementation Method 3
The second photo detector (14) receives the second light signal and outputs a second electric signal corresponding to the intensity of the second light signal
Implementation Method 4
a feedback circuit (16) connected to the light-emitting unit (11), the first photo detector (13) and the micro-processor (15) to modulate the driving signal for maintaining the optical stability of the first light signal
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a photoelectrical feedback sensing system. A first light signal passes through the sensing apparatus. A second light signal corresponding to a characteristic of a sample within the sensing apparatus is outputted from the sensing apparatus. The first photo detector receives the first light signal and outputs a first electric signal corresponding to the intensity of the first light signal. The second photo detector outputs a second electric signal corresponding to the intensity of the second light signal. A driving signal is generated by the micro-processor to drive the light-emitting unit. The micro-processor receives the second electric signal and converts the second electric signal into a digital signal. The feedback circuit modulates the driving signal for maintaining the optical stability of the first light signal so that the sensing system is less affected by environmental temperature fluctuation and noise interferences.