Photogrammetry for 3D Outcrop Reconstruction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current 3D outcrop reconstruction methods, such as Lidar, are costly, resource-intensive, and cumbersome due to the need for heavy equipment and substantial computer resources, limiting their flexibility and practicality for geological modeling in the petroleum and mining industries.

Innovation Solution

A method utilizing photogrammetry to reconstruct geological outcrops in three dimensions from georeferenced photographs, followed by image processing to determine geological, geometric, and geostatistical characteristics, allowing for the construction of a geological model that constrains the underground deposit model, using inexpensive and flexible data acquisition techniques.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If LiDAR is used for 3D outcrop reconstruction, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improve3D reconstruction accuracyVSAvoidequipment weight and portability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses photographs as a simplified copy of the outcrop instead of direct LiDAR scanning. Multiple 2D images capture the essential geometric and textural information, creating a digital representation without requiring heavy LiDAR equipment. This copying approach maintains sufficient measurement precision for geological modeling while dramatically reducing device complexity and portability requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the mechanical LiDAR scanning system with a photogrammetric system using cameras and software processing. Instead of active laser ranging, the system uses passive optical capture followed by computational reconstruction, substituting mechanical complexity with optical and software-based solutions that are more portable and cost-effective.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If LiDAR is used for 3D outcrop reconstruction, then measurement precision is improved, but computing resources required increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improve3D reconstruction accuracyVSAvoidcomputing resource consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a 3D model from 2D photograph copies rather than processing dense LiDAR point clouds. The photogrammetric approach generates sufficient geometric accuracy for geological applications while producing more manageable data volumes that require less computational power for processing and storage compared to high-resolution LiDAR datasets.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses standard digital photographs instead of expensive, high-volume LiDAR data. The photographic approach generates sufficient information for geological modeling with much lower data volumes, reducing both the computational resources needed for processing and the storage requirements, making it a more efficient solution for the intended application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Measurement precision

If LiDAR is used for 3D outcrop reconstruction, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improve3D reconstruction accuracyVSAvoidflexibility and ease of manipulation
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses photographs as flexible, easily captured copies of the outcrop. Standard digital cameras are more maneuverable and easier to operate in field conditions compared to heavy LiDAR systems. The resulting photogrammetric models are equally effective for geological analysis while being much easier to deploy, operate, and manipulate in various field situations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the complex mechanical LiDAR system with a simpler photogrammetric workflow using standard cameras. This substitution eliminates the need for heavy, difficult-to-manage equipment while achieving sufficient measurement precision for geological modeling, thereby dramatically improving ease of operation and field flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables accurate and cost-effective 3D geological modeling, reducing the need for expensive equipment and extensive computer resources, while providing detailed geological insights for improved hydrocarbon reservoir and mining deposit exploitation strategies.

Implementation Method 1

The three-dimensional coordinates of points of an object (here of an outcrop) are determined by measurements made in two (or more) photographic images taken from different positions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotogrammetry: Photogrammetry

Implementation Method 2

The three-dimensional coordinates of the outcrop points are determined by measurements taken from at least two photographs taken from different positions, using the parallax between the images

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectParallax: Parallax

Data Source

PatentEP2846176B1Method for the exploitation of a subsurface deposit including at least one outcrop by means of photogrammetry
Publication Date: 2022.03.30 IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES
  • EP2846176B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2846176B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for exploiting (EXP) an underground deposit comprising at least one outcrop. The exploitation (EXP) of the deposit is based on a geological model (MOD) formed from photogrammetry. The method reconstructs the geological outcrops in three dimensions (R3D) from photographs (PHO), and interprets their geological features, such as sedimentary surfaces, geological facies, faults and fractures, and the dip of the layers, in order to construct a geological model of the deposit (MOD).