Selective Photoreactive Activation for Deep Tissue Targeting
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current photobiomodulation and photodynamic therapy methods are limited by the need for surgical invasion to reach deep tissues and lack specificity in differentiating between normal and target cells, leading to indiscriminate effects on healthy and diseased tissues.
Innovation Solution
Non-invasive systems and methods for selective activation of photoreactive responses using light-sensitive proteins and nanoparticles to target specific cells or tissues, allowing precise control of cellular functions and treatments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If light is applied to treat deep tissues, then treatment depth is improved, but tissue penetration is insufficient without surgical invasion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces light-sensitive proteins (opsins) and nanoparticles as intermediary agents that can be delivered to target cells via non-invasive methods. These intermediaries absorb light energy and convert it to biological responses, enabling deep tissue treatment without requiring surgical invasion to deliver the treatment agent directly to the target.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces mechanical surgical invasion with optical energy delivery. By using light-sensitive proteins and nanoparticles that can be administered non-invasively and then activated by light, the system substitutes the mechanical process of surgical insertion with an optical process, achieving the same deep tissue access without tissue damage.
2Reliability
If photobiomodulation is applied to treat tissues, then therapeutic effect is improved, but specificity between normal and target cells deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by using light-sensitive proteins and nanoparticles that are selectively delivered to or accumulate in target cells. This creates local concentration differences where the photoreactive agents are present in diseased tissues but not in healthy tissues, enabling selective activation of therapeutic effects only where needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by employing different wavelengths of light to activate different light-sensitive proteins or to activate the same protein with different effects. By selecting specific wavelengths and intensities, the system can differentiate between normal and target cells based on their unique photoreceptor profiles, achieving cellular specificity through parameter modulation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables deep tissue treatment without surgery and enhances specificity, reducing side effects by selectively activating targeted cells or tissues, promoting therapeutic outcomes while minimizing harm to healthy cells.
Implementation Method 1
Photobiomodulation also known as low level laser therapy (LLLT), cold laser therapy, and laser biostimulation, is an emerging medical and veterinary technique in which exposure to low-level laser light can stimulate or inhibit cellular function leading to beneficial clinical effects
Implementation Method 2
it is agreed that the mechanism is photochemical rather than heat-related
Implementation Method 3
Large volumes and relatively deeper layers of tissues can be successfully irradiated by laser only
Implementation Method 4
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment modality that uses a photosensitizing agent and laser light to kill cells
Implementation Method 5
The putative cytotoxic agent is singlet oxygen, an electronically excited state of ground state triplet oxygen formed according to the Type II photochemical process
Data Source
AI summary
A pharmaceutical composition for modifying a target structure, which includes at least one agent selected from the group consisting of energy modulation agents, plasmonics-active agents and combinations thereof; the energy modulation agents, when present, including one or more light emitters capable of emitting at least two different wavelengths of light, each wavelength of light associated with a different biological response, and the at least two different wavelengths capable of activating different biological responses; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.