Electrophotographic Photoreceptor Stabilizing Electrical Properties
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Electrophotographic photoreceptors experience significant differences in electrical properties between the initial and final stages of repeated image formation, leading to burn-in ghosts due to variations in electron injection and positive hole injection properties, which are exacerbated by changes in charging and exposure conditions.
Innovation Solution
An electrophotographic photoreceptor with a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer containing a binder resin and perinone compounds, and a photosensitive layer comprising a polyester resin with specific dicarboxylic acid and diol units, ensuring a mass proportion of the polyester resin is 15% or greater to stabilize electrical properties and prevent burn-in ghosts across a wide range of charging and exposure intensities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the mass proportion of polyester resin in the photosensitive layer is less than 15% by mass, then the photoreceptor can be manufactured with lower material costs, but significant differences in electrical properties occur between initial and final stages of repeated image formation, leading to burn-in ghosts
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the photosensitive layer by specifying that the polyester resin must contain at least one dicarboxylic acid unit (A2, A3, or A4) and at least one diol unit (B), with a mass proportion of 15% or greater. This parameter change stabilizes the electrical properties and prevents burn-in ghosts while maintaining manufacturability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite polyester resin material combining specific dicarboxylic acid units (A2, A3, A4) with diol units (B) to achieve both electrical property stability and mechanical performance. This composite approach allows the photosensitive layer to maintain consistent electrical characteristics across repeated image formation cycles.
2Reliability
If the photosensitive layer is stabilized to prevent burn-in ghosts, then image quality consistency improves, but the complexity of material specification increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by specifying particular dicarboxylic acid units (A2, A3, A4) and diol units (B) within the polyester resin structure. This targeted approach stabilizes the photosensitive layer's electrical properties and prevents burn-in ghosts while keeping the overall material specification manageable through focused chemical structure requirements.
3Strength
If the undercoat layer contains perinone compounds to enhance flexibility and elasticity, then the photoreceptor's mechanical performance improves, but the charging and exposure condition sensitivity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite undercoat layer material combining perinone compounds with a binder resin. This composite structure enhances flexibility and elasticity while the binder resin component helps stabilize the layer's electrical properties across a wide range of charging and exposure conditions, preventing burn-in ghosts.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution maintains consistent electrical properties and prevents burn-in ghosts over a wide range of conditions by stabilizing the photosensitive layer, enhancing film strength and crack resistance while ensuring the undercoat layer's flexibility and elasticity.
Implementation Method 1
the undercoat layer contains a binder resin and at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (2)
Implementation Method 2
a photosensitive layer disposed on the undercoat layer, in which the undercoat layer contains a binder resin and at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (2), the photosensitive layer contains a polyester resin (1) having at least one dicarboxylic acid unit (A) selected from the group consisting of a dicarboxylic acid unit (A2) represented by Formula (A2), a dicarboxylic acid unit (A3) represented by Formula (A3), and a dicarboxylic acid unit (A4) represented by Formula (A4), and a diol unit (B) represented by Formula (B)
Data Source
AI summary
An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a conductive substrate, an undercoat layer disposed on the conductive substrate, and a photosensitive layer disposed on the undercoat layer, in which the undercoat layer contains a binder resin and at least one perinone compound selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (2), the photosensitive layer contains a polyester resin (1) having at least one dicarboxylic acid unit (A) selected from the group consisting of a dicarboxylic acid unit (A2) represented by Formula (A2), a dicarboxylic acid unit (A3) represented by Formula (A3), and a dicarboxylic acid unit (A4) represented by Formula (A4), and a diol unit (B) represented by Formula (B), and a mass proportion of the polyester resin (1) in the photosensitive layer is 15% by mass or greater,in Formula (1), R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, R17, and R18 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an aryloxycarbonylalkyl group, or a halogen atom, R11 and R12, R12 and R13, and R13 and R14 may be each independently linked to each other to form a ring, and R15 and R16, R16 and R17, and R17 and R18 may be each independently linked to each other to form a ring,in Formula (2), R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27, and R28 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an aryloxycarbonylalkyl group, or a halogen atom, R21 and R22, R22 and R23, and R23 and R24 may be each independently linked to each other to form a ring, and R25 and R26, R26 and R27, and R27 and R28 may be each independently linked to each other to form a ring,in Formula (A2), n201 and n202 each independently represent an integer of 0 or greater and 4 or less, and n201 pieces of Ra201's and n202 pieces of Ra202's each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 or more and 12 or less carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms,in Formula (A3), n301 and n302 each independently represent an integer of 0 or greater and 4 or less, and n301 pieces of Ra301's and n302 pieces of Ra302's each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 or more and 12 or less carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms,in Formula (A4), n401 represents an integer of 0 or greater and 6 or less, and n401 pieces of Ra401's each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 10 or less carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 or more and 12 or less carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms,in Formula (B), ArB1 and ArB2 each independently represent an aromatic ring that may have a substituent, LB represents a single bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or —C(Rb1)(Rb2)—, and nB1 represents 0, 1, or 2. Rb1 and Rb2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 or more and 20 or less carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 or more and 12 or less carbon atoms, or an aralkyl group having 7 or more and 20 or less carbon atoms, and Rb1 and Rb2 may be bonded to each other to form a cyclic alkyl group.