Electrophotographic Photosensitive Member Ghost Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional techniques for improving ghost properties in electrophotographic images are insufficient in suppressing positive ghosts, which occur due to residual carriers from light-irradiated areas during image formation.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating specific compounds represented by formulas (1), (2), and (3) in the photosensitive layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member, with compound (2) and (3) contributing to carrier transfer paths by their molecular structures, reducing residual carriers and ghost occurrence.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional charge transporting substances are used in the photosensitive layer, then the electrophotographic member can form images, but positive ghosts occur due to residual carriers from light-irradiated areas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite charge transporting substance system comprising both compound (1) and compound (2) in the photosensitive layer. This composite material approach allows the combination of two substances with complementary properties to work together, where compound (1) provides base charge transport functionality while compound (2) specifically addresses residual carrier issues, thereby suppressing positive ghosts without compromising image formation capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the content ratio of compound (2) relative to compound (1) within a specific range (50 to 850 mass ppm). By precisely controlling this parameter, the patent achieves optimal suppression of positive ghosts while maintaining adequate charge transport properties for image formation, demonstrating that parameter optimization is key to resolving the contradiction between image quality and ghost suppression.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If the content of compound (2) is increased to suppress positive ghosts, then ghost suppression improves, but the complexity of material composition increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent defines a specific content range for compound (2) (50 to 850 mass ppm relative to compound (1)), which optimizes ghost suppression while avoiding excessive material complexity. This parameter specification ensures that only trace amounts of compound (2) are needed, maintaining relatively simple material composition while achieving effective ghost suppression.
Solution Approach 2:
Compound (2) acts as an intermediary substance that mediates between the charge transport function provided by compound (1) and the ghost suppression requirement. At low concentrations (50-850 mass ppm), compound (2) specifically targets residual carriers without interfering significantly with the primary charge transport mechanism, thus suppressing ghosts while maintaining simple material composition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed solution effectively suppresses positive ghosts by enhancing carrier transfer, resulting in improved image quality with reduced density differences in halftone images.
Implementation Method 1
the compound represented by formula (2) contributes to carrier transfer paths because of its molecular structure
Data Source
AI summary
An object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member with suppressed positive ghosts, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The present disclosure provides an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a support and a photosensitive layer on the support; the photosensitive layer comprises (α) a compound represented by the formula (1), and (β) at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the formula (2) and a compound represented by the formula (3), wherein a content of the (β) with respect to a content of the (α) is 50 to 850 mass ppm in the photosensitive layer.