Photovoltaic Electrochromic Windows With Self-Powered Light Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current photovoltaic and electrochromic window technologies have limitations when used independently, such as static visible light transmission in photovoltaic windows and high installation costs and inability to control IR-based solar heating in electrochromic windows, which affect user comfort and HVAC costs.
Innovation Solution
Integration of a self-contained SolarWindow™-Electrochromic window unit using organic photovoltaic cells to power and control electrochromic windows, allowing for dynamic visible light transmission adjustment without external power, reducing installation costs and absorbing IR radiation for energy generation and heating reduction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If photovoltaic window technology is used independently, then power generation capability is improved, but visible light transmission remains static and cannot be adjusted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines photovoltaic window technology with electrochromic window technology into a single integrated system. The photovoltaic cells generate power that is stored in a battery, which then powers the electrochromic layer to enable dynamic visible light transmission adjustment. This merging allows the window to simultaneously achieve power generation and adaptive light control capabilities.
2Adaptability or versatility
If electrochromic windows are implemented independently, then visible light transmission control is improved, but installation cost increases due to external power requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The integrated window system generates its own power through photovoltaic cells and stores it in an integrated battery system. This self-powered approach eliminates the need for external power connections, significantly reducing installation complexity and cost while maintaining the electrochromic window's ability to control visible light transmission dynamically.
3Adaptability or versatility
If electrochromic windows are used independently, then visible light transmission switching is improved, but infrared light absorption capability is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the electrochromic window's visible light transmission control with the photovoltaic window's infrared absorption capability. The photovoltaic cells inherently absorb infrared light to generate electricity, while the electrochromic layer provides dynamic visible light control. This combination allows the window to simultaneously manage both visible and infrared radiation.
4Use of energy by moving object
If conventional photovoltaic cells are used in windows, then power generation is improved, but visible light transmission and aesthetics deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the window's functionality into distinct layers: photovoltaic cells for power generation, a battery for energy storage, and an electrochromic layer for light control. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently, enabling the use of translucent or transparent photovoltaic materials that maintain visible light transmission while generating power.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The integrated system provides a cost-effective, self-contained solution that reduces HVAC costs, enhances user comfort, and maintains high visible light transmission while controlling glare and solar heating, overcoming the limitations of conventional technologies.
Implementation Method 1
SolarWindow is a novel photovoltaic window technology, based upon organic photovoltaics
Implementation Method 2
electrochromic windows, in the generic form
Data Source
AI summary
A variety of methods for integrating an organic photovoltaic-based SolarWindow™ module and electrochromic materials to create dynamic, variable transmittance, energy-saving windows and/or window films are described. Stand-alone or building integrated, independent or user-controllable, battery supported or building integrated, and insulated glass unit or aftermarket film implementations are all described, providing for a diversity of applications. Low-cost fabrication options also allow for economical production.