Phycocyanin Thermal Stability in Acidic Beverages

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Solution Overview

Problem

Phycocyanin, a vivid blue pigment, lacks thermal stability under acidic conditions, leading to fading and precipitation during heat sterilization in beverages, limiting its usability.

Innovation Solution

An acidic color material aqueous solution containing phycocyanin, a polyvalent carboxylic acid with hydroxy groups, and a nonionic emulsifier such as sucrose esters or polyglycerol esters with an HLB of 15 or more, enhancing thermal stability and dispersion in acidic environments.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Illumination intensity

If phycocyanin is used as a blue pigment in beverages, then vivid color tone is achieved, but thermal stability deteriorates during heat sterilization causing fading and precipitation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecolor vividnessVSAvoidthermal stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Illumination intensityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A protein component is introduced as an intermediary substance that binds to phycocyanin and protects it from thermal degradation during heat sterilization. This mediator maintains the vivid blue color by preventing protein denaturation and pigment aggregation at elevated temperatures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention creates a composite colorant system combining phycocyanin with specific proteins and stabilizing agents. This composite structure enhances thermal stability while preserving the vivid color properties of pure phycocyanin, solving the contradiction between color intensity and heat resistance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Adaptability or versatility

If phycocyanin is used in acidic beverages, then color application is expanded, but thermal stability further deteriorates leading to precipitation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveapplication rangeVSAvoidthermal stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A protein component acts as a protective intermediary that stabilizes phycocyanin in acidic environments during heat treatment. This mediator prevents acid-catalyzed denaturation and maintains pigment solubility, enabling safe use in acidic beverages like fruit juices and sodas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention modifies the chemical environment by adjusting pH conditions and introducing buffering agents that maintain optimal stability parameters for phycocyanin during heat sterilization. This allows the pigment to remain stable across a broader range of beverage formulations including acidic ones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-affected harmful factors

If natural pigments are used instead of synthetic colorants, then safety is improved, but thermal stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidthermal stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention creates a composite natural colorant system combining phycocyanin with stabilizing proteins and polysaccharides. This natural composite maintains the safety advantages of plant-based pigments while achieving thermal stability comparable to or exceeding synthetic colorants through synergistic interactions among components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

Stabilizing agents are pre-complexed with phycocyanin before heat treatment to provide protective cushioning against thermal stress. This beforehand protection prevents irreversible denaturation and color loss during subsequent heat sterilization processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a color material aqueous solution with excellent thermal stability under acidic conditions, preventing fading and precipitation, and is suitable for manufacturing blue-colored beverages that maintain color integrity after heat sterilization.

Implementation Method 1

at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) selected from the group consisting of sucrose esters and polyglycerol esters, the at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) having an HLB of 15 or more

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurfactant: Surfactant

Implementation Method 2

a polyvalent carboxylic acid (B) containing one or more hydroxy groups

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSolvation: Solvation

Data Source

PatentUS11859088B2Aqueous colorant material solution, production method for aqueous colorant material, and blue-colored beverage
Publication Date: 2024.01.02 DIC CORP

AI summary

A color material aqueous solution having excellent thermal stability under acidic conditions, a method for manufacturing such a color material aqueous solution, and a blue-colored beverage are provided. Provided are: an acidic color material aqueous solution containing phycocyanin (A), a polyvalent carboxylic acid (B) containing one or more hydroxy groups, and at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) selected from the group consisting of sucrose esters and polyglycerol esters, the at least one kind of nonionic emulsifier (C) having an HLB of 15 or more; a method for manufacturing an acidic color material aqueous solution including a step of dissolution in water (D); a method for manufacturing a color material aqueous solution in which the raw materials are dissolved in water; and a blue-colored beverage.