Physiological Sensing Device With Stacked Dielectric Layers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing physiological signal sensing devices face challenges with weak coupling, noise interference, durability issues, and sweat interference, leading to discomfort and unreliable signal transmission due to the limitations of conventional impedance sensing methods.
Innovation Solution
A physiological sensing device is designed with a coupling dielectric stacked layer comprising a first and second dielectric layer, where the second dielectric layer has a higher dielectric constant than the first, positioned between the sensing electrode and the organism, along with a stress compensation layer to enhance coupling capacitance and durability, and a conductive layer to improve signal-to-noise ratio.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a conventional impedance sensing method is used, then the device structure is simple, but the coupling physiological signal is weak and the signal-to-noise ratio is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by creating a multi-layer dielectric structure consisting of a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer with different dielectric constants. This composite structure enhances the coupling capacitance between the sensing electrode and the skin, thereby improving the coupling physiological signal strength without requiring complex external amplification circuits.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a single-layer dielectric structure to a multi-layer stacked dielectric structure, adding a vertical dimension to the design. By stacking dielectric layers with different properties, the coupling capacitance is enhanced through the cumulative effect of multiple interfaces, improving signal coupling in the vertical direction between electrode and skin.
2Measurement precision
If the sensing electrode patch is tightly attached to the skin, then the coupling physiological signal is strong, but the wearer experiences stress, discomfort, or allergic conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the dielectric parameters by introducing a multi-layer structure with varying dielectric constants. This allows the system to achieve high coupling capacitance through material property optimization rather than mechanical compression, reducing the need for tight attachment and thereby minimizing discomfort and allergic reactions.
Solution Approach 2:
The multi-layer dielectric structure acts as an intermediary between the sensing electrode and the skin. This intermediate structure enhances the electrical coupling without requiring direct tight contact, allowing physiological signals to be transmitted effectively while reducing mechanical stress and discomfort on the wearer's skin.
3Ease of operation
If the gap between the sensing electrode and the skin is widened to reduce pressure, then the wearability is improved, but the coupling physiological signal decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite dielectric materials with different dielectric constants arranged in a stacked configuration. This composite structure compensates for increased gap distance by providing higher overall coupling capacitance through the series combination of layers with optimized dielectric properties, maintaining signal strength even when the electrode-skin distance increases for comfort.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the dielectric constant parameter of the stacked layers to compensate for increased separation distance. By selecting and arranging dielectric materials with appropriate constants, the system maintains effective coupling capacitance despite larger gaps, enabling comfortable wearability without sacrificing signal quality.
4Reliability
If a single dielectric layer is used, then the device structure is simple, but the durability and reliability are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite dielectric materials with different properties in a stacked configuration. This composite structure enhances durability and reliability by distributing mechanical and electrical stresses across multiple layers, providing better protection against sweat interference, material degradation, and signal noise compared to a single-layer structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds a vertical stacking dimension to the dielectric structure, creating multiple interfaces between layers. This multi-layer architecture improves reliability by providing redundant pathways for electrical coupling and enhancing resistance to environmental factors such as sweat and mechanical deformation, without significantly increasing lateral device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution increases coupling capacitance, improves sensing sensitivity, and enhances the reliability and durability of the device by reducing noise interference and sweat impact, while maintaining a comfortable wear experience.
Implementation Method 1
The coupling dielectric stacked layer includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer, the dielectric constant of the second dielectric layer is greater than the dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer
Data Source
AI summary
A physiological sensing device for sensing physiological signal of an organism is provided. The physiological sensing device includes a sensing chip, a coupling sensing electrode and a coupling dielectric stacked layer. The coupling sensing electrode is electrically connected to the sensing chip. The coupling dielectric stacked layer covers the coupling sensing electrode. The coupling dielectric stacked layer is located between the coupling sensing electrode and the organism. The coupling dielectric stacked layer includes a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer. The dielectric constant of the second dielectric layer is greater than that of the first dielectric layer. The second dielectric layer is located between the first dielectric layer and the organism.