Physiological Measuring Apparatus With Feedback Wavefront Shaping
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for noninvasive measurement of physiological parameters in a living body using dynamic light scattering struggle with inaccurate information acquisition due to light scattering, particularly in shaping the wavefront of light during measurement.
Innovation Solution
A measuring apparatus and method that includes a wavefront shaping unit to shape the irradiation light based on feedback signals from detecting units, allowing for precise measurement of specific areas within the target, such as non-vascular and vascular regions, by optimizing the wavefront to maximize or minimize feedback signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional light measurement methods are used without wavefront shaping, then the measurement process is simple and easy to operate, but the measurement precision is poor due to light scattering influence
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements wavefront shaping through a feedback mechanism where the detecting unit receives exit light from the target and feeds back signal information to the irradiating unit. The irradiating unit then adjusts and shapes the wavefront of irradiation light based on this feedback, creating a closed-loop system that iteratively optimizes light propagation through scattering media to improve measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a wavefront shaping unit as an intermediary component between the light source and the target. This unit processes the irradiation light to optimize its wavefront characteristics before it interacts with the scattering medium, thereby improving the quality of exit light received by the detecting unit without requiring fundamental changes to the overall measurement system architecture
2Measurement precision
If wavefront shaping is implemented to improve measurement accuracy, then the information acquisition precision improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs the irradiating unit and detecting unit to serve multiple functions: the irradiating unit both emits irradiation light and performs wavefront shaping based on feedback, while the detecting unit both receives exit light and generates feedback signals. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components for each function, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while achieving wavefront shaping capabilities
3Reliability
If light scattering is not compensated, then the measurement process is simple, but the reliability of physiological parameter measurement deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent establishes a feedback loop where the detecting unit continuously monitors exit light characteristics and feeds this information back to the irradiating unit. This feedback mechanism enables real-time compensation for light scattering effects by dynamically adjusting the wavefront of irradiation light, thereby improving measurement reliability without requiring complex pre-characterization of the scattering medium
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate acquisition of physiological parameters with improved signal-to-noise ratio and reduced scattering influence, enabling precise measurement of blood hemoglobin, oxygen saturation, and other biological information by using dynamic light scattering.
Implementation Method 1
The processing unit causes the irradiating unit to shape a wavefront of the irradiation light by feeding back a first signal output from the detecting unit that has received the exit light
Implementation Method 2
these methods do not shape a wavefront of light during measurement, and thus have difficulty in accurately acquiring information about the target, such as minute changes in physiological parameters in a living body, due to the influence of light scattering
Implementation Method 3
Japanese Domestic PCT Publication No. 2014-500751 discloses a method and apparatus for extracting a parameter in blood, such as blood hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation, by measuring dynamic changes in blood in a living body using dynamic light scattering (DLS)
Data Source
AI summary
A measuring apparatus is configured to acquire information on a target. The measuring apparatus includes an irradiating unit configured to irradiate a specific area of the target with irradiation light, a detecting unit configured to receive exit light from the target which is caused by irradiating the specific area with the irradiation light, and a processing unit configured to process a signal output from the detecting unit. The processing unit causes the irradiating unit to shape a wavefront of the irradiation light by feeding back a first signal output from the detecting unit that has received the exit light. The processing unit acquires information about the specific area using a second signal output from the detecting unit that has received exit light from the target which is by irradiating the specific area with irradiation light having a shaped wavefront.