Phytonutrient Feed Additive Enhancing Vaccine Immunity Against Apicomplexa

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current strategies for combating apicomplexa parasites in animals, such as coccidiosis in poultry, face challenges including drug-resistant strains, complex immunity interactions, and limited efficacy of existing vaccines, particularly live oocyst-based vaccines and recombinant protein vaccines, which have drawbacks like low immunogenicity and production losses.

Innovation Solution

The use of phytonutrients like carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, capsicum, and curcuma as feed additives to stimulate vaccine-induced immunity in animals, providing synergistic effects that enhance immune protection against apicomplexa parasites, reducing oocyst excretion and increasing weight gain without toxicity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If live oocyst-based vaccines are used to control coccidiosis, then natural immunization protection is achieved, but production complexity and labor requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveimmunity protectionVSAvoidvaccination process complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the essential immunogenic components (proteins and polysaccharides) from the complex live oocyst vaccine, creating a simplified recombinant vaccine that maintains protective immunity while eliminating the need for live parasite cultivation and complex manipulations

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces molecular biology techniques and recombinant DNA technology as intermediaries to produce specific immunogenic proteins and polysaccharides in controlled laboratory settings, replacing the need for live parasite-based vaccine production

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If recombinant protein vaccines are used against coccidiosis, then vaccine production is simplified, but immunogenicity and efficacy are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvevaccine production simplicityVSAvoidimmunity protection

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple immunogenic components (proteins and polysaccharides) into a single recombinant vaccine formulation, creating a multi-component vaccine that enhances overall immunogenicity while maintaining production simplicity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite vaccine structure combining different types of immunogenic molecules (recombinant proteins and polysaccharides) to achieve synergistic immune responses that overcome the limited immunogenicity of single-component protein vaccines

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

3Reliability

If conventional chemoprophylaxis with sulfamide antibiotics is used, then coccidiosis treatment is effective, but drug-resistant strains emerge and regulatory complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedisease treatment efficacyVSAvoidparasite drug resistance

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful effect of parasite reproduction into a beneficial diagnostic tool by using parasite-specific antibodies to detect and monitor coccidiosis infections, replacing chemoprophylaxis with a diagnostic and immune-based approach

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the chemical mechanism of antibiotic action with an immune-based mechanism using recombinant vaccines and diagnostic antibodies, eliminating the selection pressure that leads to drug resistance while maintaining disease control efficacy

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The phytonutrient supplementation significantly enhances vaccine-induced immunity, leading to reduced oocyst excretion, increased antibody responses, and lower pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, demonstrating a safe and effective alternative to conventional antiparasitic drugs and vaccines.

Implementation Method 1

The present invention relates to the use of a phytonutrient-based feed additive for stimulating vaccine immunity in a host infected with an apicomplexa sporozoan

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectImmunomodulation:

Data Source

PatentUS9241981B2Use of a food additive based on at least one phytonutrient for stimulating vaccine immunity against apicomplexa in animals

Publication Date: 2016.01.26 ADM INT SARL

AI summary

The invention relates to the use of a food additive comprising at least one phytonutrient in order to stimulate vaccine immunity against apicomplexa in non-human monogastric animals, such as poultry or pigs, or in ruminants, such as a cattle, sheep or goats.