Phytosterol Glucose-Surfactant Vesicles for Stable Encapsulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing vesicular systems, such as liposomes and niosomes, suffer from instability, aggregation, fusion, swelling, and drug leakage issues, and the use of animal-derived surfactants like cholesterol raises environmental and safety concerns, limiting their application and stability.
Innovation Solution
Development of vesicles using phytosterols, particularly β-sitosterol, and glucose-derived surfactants like alkyl polyglucosides, which require specific conditions for formation, resulting in stable, versatile, and sustainable vesicular systems capable of encapsulating a wide range of active ingredients.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If liposomes are used as vesicular systems, then they provide protection for sensitive molecules and controlled permeation, but they suffer from physical alterations and instability leading to increased permeability and rapid leakage rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the vesicle membrane by replacing conventional phospholipids with phytosterols and glucose-derived surfactants. This parameter change transforms the membrane's physical and chemical properties, reducing permeability and preventing the physical alterations that cause leakage in conventional liposomes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite membrane system combining phytosterols (such as β-sitosterol) with glucose-derived surfactants (such as alkyl polyglucosides). This composite material approach leverages the stabilizing properties of phytosterols and the surfactant characteristics of glucose derivatives to achieve enhanced vesicle stability and reduced leakage.
2Reliability
If cholesterol is added to liposomes to improve stability, then storage stability increases, but environmental sustainability and safety concerns arise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes cholesterol from the vesicle composition, replacing it with plant-derived phytosterols. This extraction eliminates the harmful environmental and safety associations with animal-derived cholesterol while maintaining the stability-enhancing function through alternative plant-based sterols.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the sterol component parameter from animal-derived cholesterol to plant-derived phytosterols. This parameter substitution maintains the structural and stabilizing functions of cholesterol while eliminating ethical and environmental concerns associated with animal products.
3Reliability
If quatsomes are used for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications, then good physicochemical properties and long-term stability are achieved, but skin irritation and toxicological effects occur at high concentrations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the surfactant type parameter from quaternary ammonium compounds to glucose-derived surfactants. This parameter change maintains the vesicle stability and physicochemical properties while eliminating the skin irritation and toxicological effects associated with quatsomes at high concentrations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces persistent quaternary ammonium compounds with biodegradable glucose-derived surfactants. The glucose-based surfactants are designed to be more environmentally friendly and less harmful to skin, effectively replacing the problematic quatsome surfactants while maintaining functional performance.
4Reliability
If conventional surfactants are used in vesicle formation, then vesicle stability is achieved, but environmental sustainability is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the surfactant chemical structure parameters from conventional petroleum-based surfactants to glucose-derived surfactants. This parameter change maintains the vesicle stability function while improving environmental sustainability through biodegradable, renewable carbon sources.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite system combining phytosterols with glucose-derived surfactants. This composite material approach achieves both vesicle stability and environmental sustainability by using plant-based, biodegradable components that are friendly to both human skin and the environment.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new vesicular system achieves high encapsulation efficiency and stability, maintaining the integrity and activity of encapsulated molecules for extended periods, aligning with environmental sustainability and consumer safety standards.
Implementation Method 1
vesicles (Vs) formed by self-assembly of cholesterol molecules and quaternary ammonium surfactants
Implementation Method 2
Different delivery systems based on nano and microtechnology have been extensively explored in the pharmaceutical industry
Implementation Method 3
vesicles (Vs) which are stable and capable of encapsulating agents such as pharmaceutical or cosmetic agents
Data Source
AI summary
A vesicle comprising at least one phytosterol and at least one glucose-derived surfactant and a composition comprising a plurality of such vesicles. The vesicle and the composition comprising a plurality of vesicles are used in the manufacture of a suspension, as a delivery system or as medicament. Further, a method for the manufacture of these vesicles.