PID Controller Mode Change Buffer for Smooth Transitions
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Solution Overview
Problem
PID controllers experience impacts and delays when switching between automatic and manual modes, leading to overloads, vibrations, and reduced system stability due to rapid changes in driving signals.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus comprising a PID operator, a manual mode buffer with a lag filter, and a speed difference integral calculator that processes and analyzes driving signals to buffer and adjust signals during mode changes, preventing sudden changes and ensuring smooth transitions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If the variation of the driving signal outputted from the PID controller is limited in the mode change, then the impact generated in the mode change is restricted, but the response speed is delayed
Solution Approach 1:
A mode change buffer is introduced as an intermediary component between the PID controller output and the load driver. This buffer acts as a mediator that smooths the transition during mode changes, preventing direct signal variations from causing impacts while still allowing the system to respond to control commands. The buffer holds the driving signal during mode transitions, eliminating abrupt changes that would otherwise cause harmful impacts to the load.
2Stability of the object's composition
If the PID controller performs a PID control from an initial value when changed from manual mode to automatic mode, then the control is stable, but it takes much time for the PID controller to drive the load in a stable state
Solution Approach 1:
The mode change buffer performs preliminary action by pre-holding the driving signal at its current value before a mode change occurs. When switching from manual to automatic mode, the buffer maintains the existing signal level, allowing the PID controller to gradually adjust from this predetermined starting point rather than from zero or an initial default value. This preliminary positioning of the signal reduces the time required to reach a stable operating state while maintaining control stability.
3Productivity
If the value of the driving signal outputted from the PID controller is greatly changed, then the driving state of the load is greatly changed, but an overload is applied to the system
Solution Approach 1:
The mode change buffer provides beforehand cushioning by absorbing and smoothing signal variations during mode transitions. When the PID controller output needs to change greatly to alter the load's driving state, the buffer gradually releases this change over time rather than transmitting it immediately. This cushioning effect prevents abrupt signal changes from causing overloads to the system while still achieving the desired change in load driving state, effectively protecting the system from harmful peaks and surges.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is an apparatus for changing a mode in a proportional integral differential (PID) controller, which removes an impact generated in a mode change and stably performs the mode change when the operational mode of the PID controller is changed from a manual mode into an automatic mode or vice versa. The apparatus includes a PID operator configured to generate a driving signal by performing a PID operation in an automatic mode or a manual mode based on a manual mode change signal or an automatic mode change signal; a manual mode buffer configured to process the generated driving signal and output the processed driving signal to a load driver when the manual mode change signal is generated; and a speed difference integral calculator configured to analyze the generated driving signal and output the analyzed driving signal to the PID operator when the automatic mode change signal is generated.