Piercing Nozzle Alignment for Aircraft Fuselage Fire Penetration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional fire suppression methods for aircraft fuselages, such as those used by ARFF vehicles, are ineffective when combating interior fires due to manual alignment challenges of penetrating nozzles, which can be obstructed by weather or lack of proper training, leading to delayed responses and potential nozzle damage.

Innovation Solution

A fire-fighting vehicle equipped with a boom assembly and a penetrating nozzle system that includes sensors and a controller to automatically align the nozzle relative to the aircraft fuselage, using actuators and range sensors to determine the optimal angular orientation for penetration, ensuring precise alignment and efficient delivery of fire suppressants.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If manual alignment of penetrating nozzle is used, then operator can control nozzle position, but alignment accuracy deteriorates due to obstructed view and lack of training

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanual control capabilityVSAvoidalignment accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual mechanical alignment with an automated optical/electronic alignment system. The sensor mounted on the penetrating nozzle detects the angular orientation relative to the fuselage surface and transmits this data to the control system, which automatically adjusts the nozzle position. This substitution eliminates the reliance on operator visual assessment and manual control, resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and alignment precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The penetrating nozzle system performs self-alignment through the integrated sensor and control mechanism. The sensor continuously monitors the angular orientation and the control system automatically adjusts the nozzle position without requiring external operator intervention. This self-service capability ensures consistent alignment accuracy while simplifying the operational process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Measurement precision

If automated alignment system is implemented, then alignment precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvealignment accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control system integrates multiple functions into a single automated alignment mechanism. The same control system that manages the boom assembly also controls the penetrating nozzle alignment, and the sensor serves both detection and control feedback purposes. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity while achieving high alignment precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The sensor acts as an intermediary element between the penetrating nozzle and the control system. By mounting the sensor directly on the nozzle, it provides real-time angular orientation data without requiring complex mechanical linkages or additional transmission mechanisms. This intermediary approach simplifies the overall system architecture while enabling precise automated alignment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If operator aligns nozzle from distance, then operator safety is improved, but response time deteriorates due to alignment difficulty

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperator safetyVSAvoidresponse time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The automated alignment system performs preliminary alignment actions automatically before the operator needs to intervene. The sensor continuously monitors and the control system pre-positions the penetrating nozzle at the optimal angular orientation, ready for immediate deployment. This preliminary automated preparation eliminates the time-consuming manual alignment process while maintaining operator safety at a distance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements continuous feedback through the sensor that monitors the angular orientation of the penetrating nozzle in real-time. This feedback is immediately processed by the control system, which automatically adjusts the nozzle position to maintain optimal alignment. The closed-loop feedback mechanism ensures rapid response time while the operator remains safely remote, resolving the contradiction between safety and response speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system enhances the ability to penetrate aircraft fuselages effectively, reducing delays and damage by automating the alignment process, thereby improving response efficiency and safety during emergency situations.

Implementation Method 1

The sensor may be mounted on the piercing tip, the penetrating nozzle, or another portion of the nozzle assembly. The sensor can include a laser rangefinder, for example.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLIDAR: LIDAR

Data Source

PatentEP3579932B1Fire apparatus piercing tip ranging and alignment system
Publication Date: 2025.11.12 OSHKOSH CORPORATION
  • EP3579932B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3579932B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3579932B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A fire-fighting vehicle includes a boom assembly movably coupled to a chassis, a penetrating nozzle coupled to the boom assembly, an actuator that moves the penetrating nozzle relative to the chassis, and a controller operatively coupled to a sensor. The penetrating nozzle includes a piercing tip and an outlet configured to be selectively fluidly coupled to a supply of fire suppressant. The piercing tip is repositionable between a first position spaced from a surface of an object and a second position within an interior cavity of the object. The outlet supplies fire suppressant into the interior cavity when the piercing tip is in the second position. The sensor provides data relating to at least one of a position and an orientation of the piercing tip relative to the surface. The controller determines an angular orientation of the piercing tip relative to the surface based on the data.