Piezoelectric Microphone Vibration Unit for Dynamic Sound Pressure Range
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional microphones face challenges in sensing both loud and quiet sounds due to their Acoustic Overload Point (AOP) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), leading to limitations in sound pressure measuring range.
Innovation Solution
A microphone design featuring a substrate with a penetration aperture, a vibration unit comprising piezoelectric portions, and a fixed electrode, where the piezoelectric portions are used to limit stress and enhance sound detection based on sound pressure height, improving the sound pressure measuring range.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a high sensitivity microphone is used, then the ability to detect low sound is improved, but the Acoustic Overload Point decreases leading to inability to sense loud sound
Solution Approach 1:
The vibration unit's stiffness is dynamically adjusted by applying different voltages to the piezoelectric portions. When loud sound is detected, voltage is applied to increase stiffness and prevent overload. When quiet sound is detected, voltage is reduced to maintain high sensitivity for detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The physical parameter of the vibration unit (stiffness) is changed by utilizing the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric portions change the mechanical properties of the vibration unit through electrical voltage application, allowing the system to adapt its sensitivity range.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a low sensitivity microphone is used, then the Acoustic Overload Point increases enabling sensing of loud sound, but the ability to detect low sound decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically switches between high sensitivity and high overload point states by controlling the piezoelectric portions. The vibration unit can be electrically adjusted to operate in different sensitivity modes depending on the sound pressure level being measured.
Solution Approach 2:
The mechanical parameters of the vibration unit are electrically controlled through the piezoelectric effect, allowing real-time adjustment of the Acoustic Overload Point and sensitivity characteristics to match the acoustic environment.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the vibration unit stiffness is increased, then the Acoustic Overload Point improves, but the sensitivity to low sound decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The stiffness of the vibration unit is made dynamically adjustable through piezoelectric actuation. The system can switch between soft (high sensitivity) and stiff (high overload point) states as needed, rather than being fixed in one configuration.
Solution Approach 2:
The mechanical stiffness parameter of the vibration unit is changed electrically using piezoelectric materials, enabling continuous or discrete adjustment of the balance between Acoustic Overload Point and sensitivity to low sound.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The microphone effectively detects a wide range of sound pressures, from loud to quiet, by actively adjusting the vibration unit's stiffness and capacitance, thereby expanding its measuring range.
Implementation Method 1
the second portion may include a first piezoelectric portion and a second piezoelectric portion
Implementation Method 2
actively adjusting the vibration unit's stiffness and capacitance, thereby expanding its measuring range
Data Source
AI summary
A microphone and method for manufacturing the microphone are provided. The microphone includes a substrate with a penetration aperture, a vibration unit disposed on the substrate to cover the penetration aperture, and a fixed electrode disposed over, and spaced from, the vibration unit. Further, the vibration unit includes a first portion and a second portion disposed on the penetration aperture, and a third portion disposed on the substrate. In addition, the first portion and the third portion are spaced from each other, and the second portion is connected between the first portion and the third portion, and includes a first piezoelectric portion and a second piezoelectric portion.