Piezoelectric Monoblock Sintering for Low-Temperature Joining

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing piezoelectric transmitting and/or receiving devices face challenges in manufacturing due to the need for high surface quality components and high temperatures for diffusion welding, which can damage the piezo elements and are costly and complex, especially since they require expensive surface preparation and high-voltage polarization in a protective atmosphere.

Innovation Solution

A piezoelectric transmitting and/or receiving device is produced using a sintering process that forms a monoblock with the piezo element and electrodes, eliminating the need for centering devices and allowing for lower temperature processing, using a silver-based sintering material with nanoscale silver particles to reduce costs and mechanical stresses, and incorporating insulation elements for a compact design.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If diffusion welding is used to join piezo elements and electrodes, then firm connection is achieved, but very high temperatures are required that can damage piezoelectric properties

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection strengthVSAvoidprocessing temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the joining temperature parameter from diffusion welding temperatures (near solidus line) to sintering temperatures (below Curie temperature). This parameter change allows achieving firm connections while preserving piezoelectric properties, as the sintering process occurs at temperatures that do not damage the piezoelectric material.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the diffusion welding process with a sintering process. Instead of using diffusion welding mechanisms (high temperature, high pressure, surface diffusion), the invention uses sintering mechanisms (lower temperature, pressure application, particle bonding) to achieve the same joining function while being compatible with piezoelectric materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Strength

If diffusion welding is used to join components, then firm connection is achieved, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase due to surface quality requirements and protective atmosphere

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection strengthVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a sintering paste as a consumable material that facilitates the joining process. The paste is applied to component surfaces, enables bonding during sintering, and then burns away or integrates into the joint. This disposable approach simplifies the process compared to diffusion welding, which requires precise surface preparation and controlled atmospheres.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The sintering paste acts as an intermediary material between the piezo elements and electrodes. It facilitates the joining process by enabling bonding at lower temperatures and simpler conditions compared to direct diffusion welding. The paste mediates the interaction between components, allowing firm connections without the complexity of diffusion welding requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If high-voltage polarization is performed in protective atmosphere, then piezoelectric properties are established, but manufacturing cost and process complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiezoelectric property stabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the polarization process with the sintering process. Instead of performing polarization separately in a protective atmosphere after assembly, the invention integrates polarization into the sintering step. The piezoelectric properties are established during the sintering process itself, eliminating the need for separate polarization equipment and protective atmosphere requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method allows for cost-effective and simplified production at lower temperatures, ensuring optimal alignment and retention of piezoelectric properties, with reduced mechanical influences and enhanced power development by maximizing the area of piezoelectric elements.

Implementation Method 1

at least the piezo element and the electrodes being sintered to form a monoblock

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSintering: Sintering

Implementation Method 2

a piezoelectric transmitting and/or receiving device having at least one piezo element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3542405B1Piezoelectric transmission and/or reception device, vibration sensor comprising a piezoelectric transmission and/or reception device of said type, and method for manufacturing a piezoelectric transmission and/or reception device
Publication Date: 2020.10.28 VEGA GRIESHABER GMBH & CO
  • EP3542405B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP3542405B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3542405B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed is a piezoelectric transmission and/or reception device (1) consisting of - at least one piezo element (3), - at least two electrodes (5) for making contact with the piezo elements (3), and - at least two insulating elements (7) for providing top and bottom insulation; at least the piezo element (3) and the electrodes (5) are sintered in such a way as to form a single block.