Piezo Transformer Circuitry for LED Current Regulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional circuitries for supplying loads like light-emitting diodes face issues with high power dissipation, interference emission, and the need for bulky inductive components, which increase costs and complexity.
Innovation Solution
A circuitry utilizing a piezo transformer to generate an alternating current signal and provide an output current that is precisely adjustable, minimizing power dissipation and interference by eliminating the need for multiple passive devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If series resistors are used for current regulation, then the circuit is simple, but power dissipation is high and current changes with input voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/resistive current regulation method with an electronic switching regulator using a piezoelectric transformer. The piezoelectric transformer converts electrical energy to mechanical vibration and back to electrical energy, enabling efficient voltage transformation and current regulation without the power dissipation inherent in resistive methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating parameters by using resonant frequency operation of the piezoelectric transformer. By operating at the resonant frequency, the system achieves maximum efficiency and minimum power loss, transforming the static resistive regulation into dynamic resonant operation.
2Loss of energy
If hard-switching converters are used, then efficiency is high, but interference emission is strong
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes mechanical vibration through the piezoelectric transformer, which operates by converting electrical energy to mechanical vibration and back. This mechanical resonance approach naturally filters high-frequency interference while maintaining high efficiency, as the mechanical resonance acts as a natural filter against electromagnetic interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potential harmful high-frequency switching interference into beneficial mechanical resonance. The switching actions that would normally create interference are synchronized with the mechanical resonance of the piezoelectric transformer, transforming the interference problem into the beneficial resonance effect that enhances efficiency.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If resonant flyback converters are used, then interference is low, but circuit complexity and cost increase due to additional resonance elements
Solution Approach 1:
The piezoelectric transformer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the resonant element, the voltage transformer, and the frequency converter. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate resonance elements, inductors, and capacitors that would be required in a conventional resonant flyback converter, thereby reducing circuit complexity while maintaining low interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the functions of the piezoelectric transformer with the resonance circuit elements. Instead of having separate resonance inductors and capacitors, the piezoelectric transformer's inherent mechanical resonance provides the resonant function, combining multiple components into a single integrated element.
4Reliability
If inductance is used for energy storage in switched regulators, then current regulation is achieved, but the regulator becomes bulky and expensive
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the conventional electromagnetic inductor with a piezoelectric transformer that uses mechanical vibration for energy storage and transfer. The mechanical resonance of the piezoelectric material provides the energy storage function previously requiring bulky inductive components, significantly reducing the regulator size while maintaining current regulation capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The circuitry achieves efficient, interference-free operation with low power consumption and reduced bulkiness, allowing for precise current regulation and cost-effective implementation.
Implementation Method 1
a piezo transformer with an input and an output, wherein the input of the piezo transformer is electrically coupled to the converter means to receive an alternating current signal from the converter means as an input side excitation
Implementation Method 2
Resonant flyback converters (also known as 'soft' switching converter) have also the advantage of high efficiency and preferably only emit a low interference (noise) spectrum
Data Source
AI summary
A circuitry comprises a converter means for generating an alternating current signal from an energy from an energy source, a piezo transformer with an input and an output, wherein the input of the piezo transformer is electrically coupled to the converter means, to receive the alternating current signal as an excitation on the input side from the converter means, and wherein the output of the piezo transformer is designed to provide an output current, and a load, which is coupled to the output of the piezo transformer, so that output current flows through the same. The load is designed to convert at least part of the electrical energy supplied by the output current flowing through the load into another form of energy. The load is further designed such that a useful power provided in the form of useful energy is substantially proportional to the output current. The circuitry is designed to adjust the output current to a predetermined value.The described circuitry allows the supply of a load with particularly high efficiency, low interference emission and good regulation characteristics.