Active Vibration Attenuation in Machine Tools Using Piezoelectric Actuators
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for attenuating vibration in machine tools, such as using dash pots or dampers, are limited by their inability to effectively manage varying vibration frequencies and amplitudes across different processes and conditions, leading to reduced precision and increased costs due to the need for frequent design modifications and high replacement costs.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus and method that utilizes a sensor unit to measure vibration frequency and amplitude in real-time, applying corresponding frequencies to a piezoelectric actuator to actively attenuate vibrations, with a control unit predicting and adjusting the vibration amplitude and phase to effectively reduce machine tool vibrations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If passive vibration attenuation methods (dash pots, dampers) are used, then vibration suppression is achieved for predicted vibration ranges, but the system cannot adapt to varying vibration frequencies and amplitudes across different processes and conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from static passive dampers to a dynamic active vibration control system. The system continuously measures vibration characteristics using sensors and adjusts the counter-vibration parameters in real-time through a controller, enabling adaptation to varying vibration conditions across different processes and materials while maintaining processing precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback control by using vibration sensors to detect actual vibration frequencies and amplitudes, then feeding this information back to a controller that adjusts the piezoelectric actuator's counter-vibration output. This closed-loop feedback mechanism enables the system to adapt to changing vibration conditions and maintain optimal processing precision dynamically.
2Reliability
If passive vibration attenuation methods are used, then initial vibration suppression is achieved, but frequent design modifications and replacements are required due to varying processing conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by enabling the vibration control system to automatically adjust its own parameters without external intervention. The sensors continuously monitor vibration conditions and the controller autonomously modifies the piezoelectric actuator's output characteristics, eliminating the need for manual design modifications or replacements when processing conditions change.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the frequency, amplitude, and phase of the counter-vibration generated by the piezoelectric actuator based on real-time vibration measurements. This ability to change control parameters on-demand allows the system to maintain reliability across varying processing conditions without requiring physical design modifications.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If dash pots or dampers are mounted to tool holders, then vibration suppression is achieved, but replacement costs and working costs are very high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical passive vibration suppression devices (dash pots and dampers) with an active control system using piezoelectric actuators. This substitution eliminates the need for physical replacement of mechanical components, reducing both replacement costs and working costs while maintaining effective vibration suppression through electronic control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent reduces costs by changing from fixed mechanical vibration suppression to variable electronic control. The piezoelectric actuator's electrical parameters (frequency, amplitude, phase) can be adjusted without physical replacement, allowing the system to adapt to different processing conditions indefinitely without incurring replacement or working costs.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach improves processing precision and extends machine tool lifespan, providing a cost-effective solution by actively managing vibrations based on real-time measurements, thus overcoming the limitations of passive vibration attenuation methods.
Implementation Method 1
an identical frequency is generated with a piezoelectric actuator, and changes a phase for making dissipative interference of the generated vibration wave form
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for attenuation of vibration in a machine tool, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for attenuation of vibration in a machine tool in which a vibration of a machine tool is measured, and generates an identical frequency with a piezoelectric actuator as well as changes a phase for making dissipative interference of a generated vibration wave form.