Piezoelectric Single Crystal Solid-Phase Growth Uniform Composition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Piezoelectric single crystals with perovskite type crystal structures face limitations due to low phase transition temperatures, coercive electric fields, and mechanical brittleness, restricting their application in high-performance components and requiring improvements in dielectric and piezoelectric characteristics, as well as uniform composition and high-temperature stability.
Innovation Solution
A piezoelectric single crystal with a compositional formula [A1−(a+1.5b)BaCb][(MN)1−x−y(L)yTix]O3, where A represents Pb or Ba, B includes elements like Ba, Ca, Co, Fe, Ni, and Sr, C includes elements like Co, Fe, La, and Lu, M includes Ce, Co, Fe, and Zn, and N includes Nb, Sb, and W, with specific ranges for a, b, x, and y, and a solid phase single crystal growth method to achieve uniformity and high mechanical resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If piezoelectric single crystals are manufactured by conventional flux method or Bridgman method, then single crystal growth is achieved, but composition uniformity deteriorates due to composition gradient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of crystal growth method from liquid-phase (flux/Bridgman) to solid-phase growth. This parameter change enables composition uniformity to be improved because solid-phase growth avoids the composition gradient inherent in liquid-phase methods, while simplifying the process by eliminating flux removal steps and reducing overall process complexity.
2Reliability
If complex chemical composition is used to improve piezoelectric characteristics, then dielectric constant and piezoelectric charge constant increase, but composition uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the growth phase parameter from liquid to solid, which fundamentally alters how complex compositions are handled. In solid-phase growth, the complex multi-element composition remains uniform throughout the crystal because there is no liquid convection or segregation. This enables high piezoelectric performance from complex compositions while maintaining composition uniformity.
3Temperature
If phase transition temperature is increased to improve high-temperature stability, then workable temperature range expands, but coercive electric field may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite material strategy by combining multiple elements (Pb, Ba, Ca, Sr, Li, K, Nb, Ta, W, Mo) in specific ratios to create a perovskite structure with tailored properties. This composite approach enables simultaneous optimization of phase transition temperature and coercive electric field, achieving high-temperature stability while maintaining reliable piezoelectric switching characteristics.
4Ease of manufacture
If mechanical brittleness is reduced to improve processability, then ease of manufacture improves, but mechanical strength may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the crystal growth phase parameter to solid-phase, which inherently produces crystals with fewer internal defects and more uniform microstructures. This parameter change improves both processability (reduced brittleness) and mechanical strength simultaneously, as the uniform growth eliminates weak points that would compromise strength while making the crystal easier to process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves high dielectric and piezoelectric constants, elevated phase transition temperatures, and enhanced mechanical characteristics, enabling the use of piezoelectric single crystals in a wide temperature range and high-precision applications with improved resistance to mechanical impacts.
Implementation Method 1
piezoelectric single crystal having a perovskite type crystal structure... high piezoelectric charge constant (d33≥1,400 to 6,000 pC/N)
Implementation Method 2
high dielectric constant (K3T≥4,000 to 15,000)
Implementation Method 3
manufactured by a solid phase single crystal growth method so that the uniform piezoelectric single crystal can be provided
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a piezoelectric single crystal, a method of manufacturing the piezoelectric single crystal, and piezoelectric and dielectric application components using the piezoelectric single crystal. The piezoelectric single crystal shows that characteristics of the piezoelectric single crystal are maximized through the control of composition concerning ions located at [A] from a perovskite type crystal structure ([A][B]O3), the single crystal of uniform composition can be provided without a composition gradient even in case of complex, chemical composition thanks to a solid phase single crystal growth method, and in particular, the piezoelectric single crystal is provided in a form which causes large resistance to a mechanical impact, and facilitates mechanical processing, so the piezoelectric single crystal can usefully be applied to the piezoelectric application component and the dielectric application component, like ultrasonic transducers, piezoelectric actuators, piezoelectric sensor, dielectric capacitors, using the piezoelectric single crystal pertain.