Piezoelectric MEMS Layer Transfer for Electrode-Safe Resonators

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for producing micro-electro-mechanical components with piezoelectric layers face challenges such as degradation of lower electrodes, complexity in achieving specific crystalline orientations, and difficulties in scaling up due to high-temperature processing and chemical reactivity, which limit the efficiency and compactness of filters and resonators.

Innovation Solution

A method involving epitaxial growth of piezoelectric layers, followed by thermal annealing and chemical etching to detach temporary substrates, allowing for the production of micro-electro-mechanical systems with piezoelectric materials like LiNbO3 or LiTaO3 without degrading lower electrodes, and enabling flexible crystalline orientations and scalable production.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If lead-based piezoelectric materials (PZT) are used to achieve strong piezoelectric properties, then the piezoelectric performance is improved, but environmental toxicity and manufacturing restrictions increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiezoelectric performanceVSAvoidenvironmental toxicity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material composition parameters by replacing lead-based PZT with lead-free alternatives such as lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, potassium niobate, barium titanate, and bismuth sodium titanate. This substitution maintains piezoelectric functionality while eliminating environmental toxicity associated with lead materials

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite material strategies by combining piezoelectric layers with specific substrate materials and structural configurations. The use of monocrystalline or epitaxied piezoelectric layers on suitable substrates creates composite structures that achieve high electromechanical coupling coefficients without relying on toxic lead-based materials

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If PZT material is used for low-frequency applications, then strong piezoelectric properties are achieved, but electrical and mechanical losses become unacceptable for high-frequency applications

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiezoelectric strength at low frequencyVSAvoidelectrical and mechanical losses at high frequency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material selection to lead-free piezoelectric materials such as lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, and their solid solutions, which exhibit lower electrical and mechanical losses at high frequencies compared to PZT, while maintaining adequate piezoelectric properties for both low and high-frequency applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If PZT material is used to achieve strong piezoelectric properties, then the piezoelectric performance is improved, but the material loses its piezoelectric properties at high temperature

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiezoelectric strengthVSAvoidtemperature stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent selects piezoelectric materials with higher Curie temperatures and better thermal stability, such as lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, and barium titanate-based compositions. These materials maintain their piezoelectric properties at elevated temperatures where PZT would lose its functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Reliability

If monocrystalline lithium niobate layers are grown to achieve high electromechanical coupling coefficients, then the piezoelectric performance is improved, but the manufacturing complexity and difficulty of integration increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectromechanical coupling coefficientVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary actions by preparing substrates with specific crystallographic orientations and surface treatments before epitaxial growth. This pre-preparation ensures that the lithium niobate or lithium tantalate layers grow with the desired crystalline orientation and high quality, simplifying subsequent processing steps

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses intermediary buffer layers or transition layers between the substrate and the piezoelectric layer. These intermediary layers facilitate the epitaxial growth process, improve lattice matching, and reduce defect formation, thereby simplifying the overall manufacturing process while maintaining high electromechanical coupling coefficients

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

5Volume of moving object

If thin piezoelectric layers are deposited to enable MEMS miniaturization, then the device size is reduced, but the available material choices are limited to a few polycrystalline materials

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice sizeVSAvoidmaterial selection flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the deposition technique from conventional polycrystalline deposition to epitaxial growth methods. This parameter change enables the formation of thin monocrystalline or highly oriented piezoelectric layers, expanding material choices to include lithium niobate, lithium tantalate, potassium niobate, and their solid solutions, while maintaining the thin-film format required for MEMS applications

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the production of high-quality micro-electro-mechanical components with improved piezoelectric coupling coefficients, enhanced manufacturing efficiency, and compactness, suitable for high-frequency applications without the limitations of existing techniques.

Implementation Method 1

Piezoelectricity, discovered in 1880 by the Curie brothers (P. Curie, Notice sur les travaux scientifiques de MP Curie, Gauthier-Villars (1902)) is the capacity of a crystal to polarize under the action of a mechanical constraint, or conversely to deform under the action of an electrical voltage. Piezoelectric materials therefore make it possible to ensure electromechanical, or mechano-electrical, transduction.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoelectric effect: Piezoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 2

A method involving epitaxial growth of piezoelectric layers, followed by thermal annealing and chemical etching to detach temporary substrates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEpitaxial growth: Epitaxy

Implementation Method 3

A method involving epitaxial growth of piezoelectric layers, followed by thermal annealing and chemical etching to detach temporary substrates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal annealing: Annealing

Implementation Method 4

A method involving epitaxial growth of piezoelectric layers, followed by thermal annealing and chemical etching to detach temporary substrates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical etching:

Data Source

PatentEP4075528B1Method for producing a micro-electro-mechanical system made from an added piezoelectric or ferroelectric layer
Publication Date: 2024.11.06 COMMISSARIAT A LENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
  • EP4075528B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1d
  • EP4075528B1 patent drawingFigure 1e~1g
  • EP4075528B1 patent drawingFigure 1h~1j

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a micro-electromechanical system comprising the following steps: - creating a stack on the surface of a temporary substrate (100) so as to create a first assembly comprising: - at least the deposition of a piezoelectric material or a ferroelectric material to create a layer of piezoelectric material (300); - creating a first bonding layer (500b); - creating a second assembly comprising at least the creation of a second bonding layer (500c) on the surface of a host substrate (700); - creating at least one acoustic insulation structure in at least one of the two assemblies; - creating at least one electrode level(s) in at least one of the two assemblies; - bonding said two assemblies via said two bonding layers before or after creating at least one electrode level(s) in at least one of the two assemblies;- the removal of said temporary substrate.;