Laser Nozzle Adjustment Collar With Piezoelectric X-Y Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
In laser machining systems, the relative positions of the laser beam axis and the process gas jet often become misaligned due to nozzle changes or over time, affecting machining accuracy and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
An adjustment collar system with piezoelectric motors allows for precise alignment of the process gas jet nozzle relative to the laser cutting head, using actuators to move the nozzle along X and Y axes, and a controller to determine and correct misalignments by measuring the hole cut in a sacrificial workpiece.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If manual alignment methods are used, then device complexity is reduced, but manufacturing precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical alignment with an automated system using piezoelectric motors to drive adjustment collars, which precisely position the nozzle relative to the laser beam axis through electrical control rather than manual mechanical manipulation
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-alignment by using the laser beam itself to illuminate a target on the nozzle, automatically detecting the position through imaging, and adjusting via piezoelectric actuators without requiring external manual intervention or additional complex alignment equipment
2Adaptability or versatility
If frequent nozzle changes are made, then adaptability is improved, but manufacturing precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system pre-positions nozzles using the automated adjustment collar mechanism before machining operations begin, and maintains alignment through continuous piezoelectric actuator control during operation, eliminating the need for realignment after nozzle changes
Solution Approach 2:
The imaging system continuously monitors the position of the nozzle relative to the laser beam axis by detecting the illuminated target, providing real-time feedback to the control system which adjusts the piezoelectric actuators to maintain precise alignment even during nozzle changes
3Productivity
If automated alignment is implemented, then productivity is improved, but device complexity worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The adjustment collar assembly serves multiple functions: it provides precise positioning of the nozzle, houses the piezoelectric actuators for automated adjustment, and integrates with the imaging system for alignment detection, consolidating what could be separate complex systems into a unified multi-functional component
Solution Approach 2:
The adjustment collar acts as an intermediary mechanism between the fixed laser source and the movable nozzle, using piezoelectric actuators to mediate the alignment process and enable automated high-speed positioning without requiring complex direct coupling between the laser and nozzle systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system ensures accurate and automatic alignment of the laser beam axis with the gas jet axis, reducing operator intervention and maintaining coaxial alignment, thereby enhancing machining precision and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the first actuator and the second actuator are piezoelectric motors
Data Source
AI summary
An adjustment collar for a laser machine tool includes a first actuator between an outer housing and an inner collar, the first actuator operable to move the inner collar with respect to the outer housing in the X-axis and a second actuator between the outer housing and the inner collar, the second actuator operable to move the inner collar with respect to the outer housing in the Y-axis.