PIM System MAC Operator Memory Integration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Processing-in-memory (PIM) systems face challenges in efficiently performing deep learning tasks due to the separation of memory and processor units, leading to degraded performance from limited data communication between them.

Innovation Solution

A PIM system comprising a PIM device with a storage region and a multiplication/accumulation (MAC) operator, controlled by a PIM controller that generates and transmits memory and MAC commands to perform MAC arithmetic operations, enabling direct data processing within the device.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If memory and processor are separated in general hardware systems, then device complexity is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but data processing speed and computational efficiency are degraded due to limited data communication between memory and processor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoiddata processing speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges memory and processing units into a single integrated PIM device, allowing data to be processed directly within the memory structure. This eliminates the need for separate memory and processor components while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through unified device fabrication processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a new architectural dimension by embedding processing capabilities within the memory hierarchy, specifically using storage class memory structures that allow computational operations to occur at the memory level rather than requiring traditional processor-memory separation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If the number of layers in neural networks is increased to improve AI performance, then AI performance is improved, but the amount of computation required and data processing demands increase exponentially

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveAI performanceVSAvoidcomputation required
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces storage class memory as an intermediary structure between traditional memory and processing units, enabling data to be retained and processed in-place without requiring continuous data movement. This mediator structure reduces the computational overhead associated with processing large neural network layers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the processing function across multiple PIM devices or memory banks, allowing neural network computations to be distributed and parallelized. Each memory segment can independently perform MAC operations on different data portions, reducing the total computational burden on any single processing unit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Productivity

If PIM device performs MAC operations directly in memory, then data processing speed is improved, but device complexity increases due to integration of processor and memory in one chip

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata processing speedVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs the PIM device with universal memory structures that can serve both as storage medium and as processing substrate. The same memory cells and interconnect structures are used for both data storage and MAC operations, eliminating the need for separate processing circuits and reducing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The memory structure is designed to perform MAC operations autonomously using its own internal resources, such as bitline and wordline signals for multiplication and accumulation. This self-service capability eliminates the need for external processing units and reduces the complexity of inter-device communication.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentUS11822823B2Processing-in-memory (PIM) system and operating methods of the PIM system
Publication Date: 2023.11.21 SK HYNIX INC
  • US11822823B2 patent drawing
  • US11822823B2 patent drawing
  • US11822823B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A processing-in-memory (PIM) system includes a PIM device and a PIM controller. The PIM device includes a first storage region, a second storage region, and a multiplication/accumulation (MAC) operator configured to receive first data and second data from the first and second storage regions, respectively, to perform a MAC arithmetic operation. The PIM controller controls a memory mode and a MAC mode of the PIM device. The PIM controller is configured to generate and transmit a memory command to the PIM device in the memory mode. In addition, the PIM controller is configured to generate and transmit first to fifth MAC commands to the PIM device in the MAC mode.