Pipe Leak Detection Using Multi-Spectral Cross Correlation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing leak detection methods in pipes face challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) caused by attenuation, distributed liquid flow noise, and external noise, which affect the accuracy of cross correlation analysis.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a system that calculates multiple cross correlations with optimized frequency filtering to enhance SNR, and uses sensors installed to measure vibrations in the axial direction of outlet pipes for improved leak detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If cross correlation analysis is performed for leak detection, then leak location can be identified, but the signal-to-noise ratio decreases due to attenuation and environmental noise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the frequency spectrum into multiple frequency bands and performs cross-correlation analysis separately for each band. This allows identification of frequency ranges where leak signals are strongest and noise is minimized, thereby improving measurement precision while managing the harmful noise effects.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different filtering and analysis parameters to different frequency bands based on their local characteristics. By optimizing the analysis for each specific frequency range where leak signals exhibit distinct properties, the system enhances detection accuracy without being overwhelmed by noise in other frequency ranges.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If multiple cross correlations are calculated with optimized frequency filtering, then signal-to-noise ratio is enhanced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the complex task of leak detection into multiple simpler sub-tasks by segmenting the frequency spectrum into separate bands. Each band is processed independently with optimized filtering, which enhances the signal-to-noise ratio while keeping individual processing steps manageable and reducing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies frequency filtering selectively to specific frequency bands where leak signals are most prominent, rather than processing the entire frequency spectrum uniformly. This partial action approach enhances the signal-to-noise ratio for critical frequencies while minimizing unnecessary processing complexity in other ranges.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances leak detection accuracy by identifying optimal frequency ranges and reducing environmental noise interference, enabling precise location and intensity calculation of leaks.
Implementation Method 1
The sensor may be configured to measure vibration on the outlet pipe
Implementation Method 2
Leak detection in pipes can be performed by performing spectral analysis based on cross correlation of acoustic signals
Data Source
AI summary
A method for detecting leaks in a pipe in a system including a processor and at least one sensor installed on the pipe, may include generating, by the processor, a plurality of signals based on measurements from the at least one sensor. The method may include calculating, by the processor, at least two cross correlations from the plurality of signals. Each cross correlation may correspond to two of the plurality of signals. The method may include calculating, by the processor, a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of each of the at least two cross correlations. The method may include selecting, by the processor, a cross correlation that has a greatest SNR among the at least two cross correlations. The method may include detecting a leak in the pipe based on the selected cross correlation.