Differential Pressure Pipeline Blocking for Bidirectional Burst Shutdown
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing automatic cut-off protection devices for pipelines are unable to provide protection during forward or backward blasting, require external power sources and control signals, and lack the ability to manually assist in cut-off and locking, display operating pressure, or transmit pressure data to superior systems.
Innovation Solution
A differential pressure driven emergency blocking system that operates without external power sources or control signals, using the energy of the fluid system to provide protection against forward and backward blasting, allow manual cut-off and locking, display and transmit operating pressure data, and balance and empty pipelines after repair.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If external power sources and control signals are used to activate cut-off protection, then the system can provide automated emergency shutdown, but the system becomes vulnerable to failure when power sources or control signals are missing due to war, accident, disaster, or information destruction
Solution Approach 1:
The emergency shutdown system uses the pipeline's own differential pressure as the power source to drive the valve spool for closing. The system serves itself by utilizing the existing fluid energy rather than requiring external power sources, control signals, or complex electronic components, thereby eliminating vulnerability to power failures and signal loss while maintaining automated emergency shutdown capability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs hydraulic principles by using differential pressure from the fluid flowing through the pipeline to directly drive the mechanical movement of the valve spool. The pressure difference between upstream and downstream sides of the valve body creates the force needed to move the spool and close the valve, converting fluid pressure energy into mechanical action without external power conversion
2Adaptability or versatility
If a complex automatic cut-off protection device is used, then automated emergency shutdown can be achieved, but the device cannot provide protection for forward or backward blasting during storage, transportation, and process control
Solution Approach 1:
The valve design incorporates features that enable it to function effectively for both forward and backward blasting scenarios. The differential pressure driving mechanism and manual assistance features work regardless of flow direction, making the device universally applicable to various blasting conditions during storage, transportation, and process control without requiring multiple specialized devices
Solution Approach 2:
The system automatically detects blasting conditions through differential pressure changes and activates emergency shutdown without requiring external control signals or complex sensing systems. This self-activating capability ensures protection against both forward and backward blasting while maintaining simple structure
3Ease of operation
If automated cut-off protection is implemented, then emergency shutdown can be triggered, but fast manually-assisted cut-off and locking cannot be achieved on site
Solution Approach 1:
The design merges automated differential pressure-driven operation with simple manual assistance features into a single integrated valve mechanism. The manual assistance components (such as the handle and locking mechanism) are combined with the automated spool movement, allowing operators to quickly assist or override the automated system if needed, achieving both automated response and manual backup in one device
Solution Approach 2:
The valve spool acts as an intermediary mechanism that can be driven automatically by differential pressure or manually by operator input. This intermediary component allows seamless transition between automated and manual operation modes, enabling fast manual assistance when the automated system needs operator intervention or confirmation
4Loss of information
If external power sources are used for automated shutdown, then pressure monitoring can be implemented, but the system cannot display operating pressure status on site or transmit pressure data to superior systems
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure monitoring and data transmission features are powered by the same differential pressure that drives the emergency shutdown function. The system uses the existing fluid energy to operate sensors, displays, and communication devices, eliminating the need for separate external power sources while maintaining full pressure monitoring and data transmission capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs hydraulic or pneumatic power transmission to drive not only the valve closure mechanism but also the pressure sensing and data transmission components. The differential pressure energy is utilized to power local displays and transmit pressure data to superior systems through hydraulic/pneumatic signal lines or powered electronic sensors
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively protects pipelines from blasting by utilizing differential pressure to drive emergency blocking, enabling quick manual assistance for cut-off and locking, and ensuring reliable transmission of pressure data, thereby minimizing damage and ensuring pipeline safety.
Implementation Method 1
a differential pressure driven emergency blocking system
Implementation Method 2
a spring surrounds the horizontal push rod
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a differential pressure driven burst-pipeline emergency blocking system. The system includes a valve body with flanges on opposite axial ends, a cylindrical valve sleeve connected with the inner wall of a flange end and having a through-hole in the valve sleeve wall. The wall of the valve sleeve is in movable fit with a valve spool having a U-shaped section. The working fluid through-hole in the valve sleeve is communicated with the inner chamber of the valve body and can be closed by a cylindrical surface of the valve spool. A horizontal push rod is in movable fit with a central hole at the left end of the valve spool, and opposite ends of the horizontal push rod are in movable fit with axial orifices of left and right support seats in the valve body respectively.