Pipeline Defect Positioning via Multi-Sensor Fusion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current pipeline defect positioning methods, such as mileage wheel-assisted and strapdown inertial navigation systems, suffer from inaccuracies due to slipping or idling issues and error accumulation, especially in complex internal environments with electromagnetic shielding from metal walls, making precise defect localization challenging.
Innovation Solution
A pipeline defect positioning method based on multi-sensor information fusion, which includes state segmentation processing using weld seam and bend discrimination models, complementary fusion of three-axis attitude signals, and anomaly detection to accurately position defects by correlating running speed, attitude, and mileage information, thereby eliminating accumulated errors.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If mileage wheel-assisted positioning is used, then the positioning system is simple to implement, but positioning accuracy deteriorates due to slipping or idling
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple positioning methods (mileage wheel positioning, inertial navigation positioning, and defect signal positioning) into a unified fusion positioning system. This merging allows the system to leverage the advantages of each method while compensating for their individual weaknesses, thereby improving overall positioning accuracy without significantly increasing implementation complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the fusion positioning algorithm continuously adjusts positioning results based on real-time data from multiple sensors and defect detection signals. This feedback loop enables dynamic correction of positioning errors, maintaining high accuracy even when individual components experience slipping or idling
2Ease of operation
If strapdown inertial navigation system is used, then positioning can be performed without contact with pipeline surface, but positioning accuracy deteriorates due to error accumulation over long distances
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges inertial navigation with mileage wheel positioning and defect signal positioning. The inertial navigation provides continuous contactless positioning data, while the other methods provide periodic reference points to reset and correct accumulated errors, maintaining accuracy over long pipeline distances
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary positioning using inertial navigation to establish a baseline position, then uses defect detection signals and mileage wheel data to correct and refine this position. This preliminary action allows the system to maintain continuous positioning capability while preparing for subsequent error correction
3Measurement precision
If multi-sensor information fusion is implemented, then positioning accuracy is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the positioning system into distinct functional modules: data acquisition module, signal processing module, fusion positioning algorithm module, and output module. This segmentation allows each module to be developed and optimized independently, managing overall system complexity while enabling high positioning accuracy through coordinated operation of specialized components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables accurate and versatile defect positioning, reducing workload and improving accuracy across different pipeline diameters, while correcting for errors and enhancing defect detection precision by integrating eddy current signals with phase correction and amplitude-phase fusion.
Implementation Method 1
Eddy current testing is a non-destructive testing method developed based on the electromagnetic induction theory. Its working principle is as follows: when an alternating current is applied to an excitation coil, an alternating magnetic field, referred to as a primary magnetic field, is generated around the excitation coil. When the alternating magnetic field approaches a conductor, the conductor generates induced eddy currents due to electromagnetic induction.
Implementation Method 2
These induced eddy currents, in turn, produce an induced magnetic field, referred to as a secondary magnetic field. The induced eddy currents are influenced by the magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity of the conductor. When defects are present, the eddy currents will be disturbed, affecting the secondary magnetic field.
Implementation Method 3
collect a three-axis acceleration signal and a three-axis angular velocity signal of the pipeline detection equipment; perform complementary fusion processing on the three-axis acceleration signal and the three-axis angular velocity signal to obtain the three-axis attitude signal
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention discloses a pipeline defect detecting and positioning method based on multi-sensor information fusion, which belongs to the technical field of pipeline non-destructive testing. The method comprises the following steps of performing state segmentation processing on a pipeline according to a pipeline defect detection signal and/or a three-axis attitude signal of a pipeline detection equipment in the pipeline, positioning a pipeline defect signal in the pipeline defect detection signal to a pipeline section in a corresponding state, and calculating a position of the pipeline defect signal in pipeline section in each state according to a running speed, the three-axis attitude signal, and mileage information of the pipeline detection equipment in the pipeline section in the corresponding state. According to the invention, the pipeline is segmented so that the pipeline defect can be preliminarily positioned in the pipeline section in a certain state.