Pipeline Isolation Plug Using Pressure Differential Activation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pipeline isolation technologies are complex, have multiple failure modes, and require external access or control systems, making them impractical for remote or subsea applications, especially in high-pressure scenarios where rapid isolation is needed.
Innovation Solution
A pipeline isolation tool that uses a fluid pressure differential to control an activation arrangement, allowing the isolation seal to engage or disengage with the pipe wall without the need for complex onboard control systems or through-pipe communication, utilizing a tug device and drag device for bi-directional movement and resistance, and a lock mechanism for secure engagement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing remote controlled plugs are used with sensors and through pipe wall communication systems, then pipeline isolation can be achieved, but the device complexity increases and multiple failure modes are introduced
Solution Approach 1:
The isolation plug is designed to automatically activate and maintain isolation without requiring external control systems, sensors, or communication interfaces. The plug self-regulates its position and sealing function based on pipeline pressure conditions, eliminating the need for complex onboard electronics and reducing failure modes.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention removes the complex control systems, sensors, and communication equipment from the isolation plug itself, retaining only the essential mechanical isolation components. This extraction of non-essential elements simplifies the device while maintaining its core isolation function.
2Speed
If high pressure isolation plugs are designed to set rapidly in response to pipe breach, then isolation speed improves, but the plugs still require external access to unset and have limited set cycles
Solution Approach 1:
The plug is designed to be unset remotely by manipulating pipeline pressure without requiring physical access to the plug location. Operators can control the plug's activation and deactivation states by adjusting upstream or downstream pressure, enabling remote operation in inaccessible locations such as subsea environments.
Solution Approach 2:
Pipeline pressure acts as an intermediary mechanism to control the plug's activation and deactivation. By manipulating pressure conditions, operators can remotely set and unset the plug without direct physical access, solving the accessibility problem while maintaining rapid response capability.
3Reliability
If existing plugs require external control via hydraulic umbilical or remote control, then isolation function is achieved, but external interfaces must be provided on the pipe adding complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The invention eliminates the need for external control interfaces, hydraulic umbilicals, and communication systems by designing a plug that responds directly to pipeline pressure conditions. This removes the complexity of external connections while preserving the isolation function.
Solution Approach 2:
The plug autonomously responds to pressure differentials across the pipeline without requiring external control signals or interfaces. The plug self-regulates its sealing action based on the pressure conditions it experiences, eliminating the need for complex external control infrastructure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and reliable pipeline isolation in high-pressure environments without external control, reducing complexity and the need for external interfaces, allowing for automatic activation in response to pressure changes, such as during a pipe breach, and minimizing wear during pigging operations.
Implementation Method 1
an activation arrangement for urging the seal into sealing contact with the pipe wall. The activation arrangement is controlled by a fluid pressure differential acting across the tool
Data Source
AI summary
An isolation plug for location in a section of pipe has three separate plug modules: a tug module an isolation module and a drag module. In use, the plug can be transported along the pipe and activated by a fluid pressure differential in the pipe.