Piston Cooling Nozzle With Flow Conditioner for Long-Range Oil Jets

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing piston cooling arrangements in internal combustion engines face challenges due to long spraying distances and limited space within the engine block, leading to inefficiencies and difficulty in implementing oil jet cooling systems.

Innovation Solution

A monolithic nozzle with a flow conditioner comprising multiple parallel flow conduits and a constricted outlet is used to create a solid, laminar cooling oil jet, which is directed effectively to the piston, minimizing turbulence and ensuring consistent coverage regardless of piston position.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a separate oil system with injection nozzles is used for piston cooling, then cooling coverage is improved, but device complexity and space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepiston cooling efficiencyVSAvoidcooling arrangement complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the cooling function with the existing cylinder liner structure by integrating cooling oil ducts into the liner wall, eliminating the need for separate oil injection systems. The cylinder liner serves dual purposes: containing combustion gases and delivering cooling oil through embedded ducts that connect to the piston cooling galleries.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The cylinder liner is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the combustion chamber boundary, the cooling oil distribution system, and the structural support for the piston. This multi-functionality reduces overall system complexity while maintaining effective cooling coverage.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Adaptability or versatility

If injection nozzles are positioned far from the piston to accommodate connecting rods and counterweights, then space constraints are satisfied, but spraying distance increases and cooling efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveaccommodation of moving componentsVSAvoidcooling efficiency

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling oil ducts are nested within the wall thickness of the cylinder liner, with the ducts embedded in the liner material itself. This nesting allows the cooling system to occupy minimal space while maintaining proximity to the piston, as the ducts are integrated into the liner structure rather than occupying separate space outside the liner.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

3Ease of operation

If cooling oil is sprayed over long distances to reach the piston, then nozzle positioning flexibility is improved, but jet dispersion increases and cooling effectiveness decreases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvenozzle positioning flexibilityVSAvoidcooling effectiveness

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of operationVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical spray nozzle system with a pressure-driven flow system. Cooling oil is delivered through pressure-driven flow channels embedded in the cylinder liner wall, eliminating the need for mechanical nozzles and spray mechanisms. This substitution maintains positioning flexibility while improving jet coherence through direct pressure-driven delivery.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The nozzle design enhances cooling efficiency by maintaining a solid flow pattern over a long span, reducing turbulence, and ensuring effective cooling oil distribution across the piston, even at varying distances.

Implementation Method 1

the flow channel of the nozzle comprises at least one flow conditioner between the inlet and the outlet, in which flow conditioner cross-sectional area of the flow channel is comprised of multiple parallel flow conduits

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectLaminar flow: Laminar Flow

Implementation Method 2

the outlet has a cross-sectional area which is smaller than the smallest cross-sectional area of the flow channel

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectVenturi effect: Venturi Effect

Data Source

PatentEP4505053B1A nozzle for a cooling arrangement of a piston in an internal combustion piston engine and a cooling arrangement for a piston of an internal combustion piston engine

Publication Date: 2026.02.25 WARTSILA FINLAND OY

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AI summary

Invention relates to a nozzle (26) for a cooling arrangement (12) of a piston (14) in an internal combustion piston engine (10), the nozzle (26) comprises a body (30) in which a flow channel (32) for cooling oil is arranged, an inlet (34) for cooling oil and an outlet (36) for cooling oil, wherein the inlet (34) comprises attaching means (40) for attaching the nozzle (26) to the engine, where the flow channel (32) comprises at least one flow conditioner (38) section be-tween the inlet (34) and the outlet (36), in which flow conditioner (38) cross-sectional area of the flow channel (32) is comprised of multiple parallel flow conduits (32'), and the outlet (36) has a cross-sectional area which is smaller than the smallest cross-sectional area of the flow channel (32).