Piston Ring Coating with Aluminum Nitride for Heat Dissipation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current piston ring coatings lack satisfactory resistance to burn traces and wear, particularly under high thermal stress conditions, despite the use of high-melting-point materials and multilayer coatings.

Innovation Solution

A wear-protection coating comprising aluminum nitride with a high volume percentage, preferably in a ternary Al-Me-N system, such as Cr-Al-N, applied via PVD or CVD processes, which exhibits enhanced thermal conductivity and resistance to burn traces by forming a superlattice structure with individual layers of CrN and AIN, achieving thermal conductivities of up to 225 W/(m·K.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If traditional wear-protection coatings (chromium, chromium nitride) are used, then wear resistance is improved, but resistance to burn traces deteriorates due to insufficient thermal conductivity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewear resistanceVSAvoidburn trace resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies a composite coating system consisting of multiple layers with different materials (chromium, chromium nitride, aluminum nitride, diamond particles) to combine the wear resistance of traditional coatings with the high thermal conductivity of aluminum nitride and diamond, thereby resolving the contradiction between wear protection and burn trace resistance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the thermal conductivity parameter of the coating by incorporating aluminum nitride (with thermal conductivity of 200-225 W/(m·K)) and diamond particles, transforming the coating from thermally insulating to thermally conductive, which enables effective heat dissipation and prevents burn traces while maintaining wear resistance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Temperature

If high-melting-point materials (chromium nitride, titanium nitride) are used, then thermal stability is improved, but thermal conductivity remains insufficient to prevent burn traces

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal stabilityVSAvoidburn trace resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a composite coating system that combines high-melting-point materials (chromium nitride, titanium nitride) with high thermal conductivity materials (aluminum nitride, diamond), achieving both thermal stability and effective heat dissipation to prevent burn traces

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies different materials with specific properties to different layers or regions of the coating: aluminum nitride and diamond particles are strategically placed to provide high thermal conductivity where heat dissipation is most needed, while chromium nitride and titanium nitride provide thermal stability, creating local optimization of properties

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed coating significantly reduces the occurrence of burn traces and improves wear resistance by effectively dissipating heat, with multilayer systems showing no burn traces and enhanced thermal conductivity compared to traditional coatings.

Implementation Method 1

the wear-protection coating... exhibits enhanced thermal conductivity and resistance to burn traces by forming a superlattice structure... achieving thermal conductivities of up to 225 W/(m·K)... effectively dissipating heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

applied via PVD or CVD processes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical vapor deposition: Physical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 3

applied via PVD or CVD processes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical vapor deposition: Chemical Vapour Deposition

Data Source

PatentUS9447490B2Piston ring
Publication Date: 2016.09.20 FEDERAL MOGUL BURSCHEID GMBH

AI summary

In order to avoid burn traces on piston rings, it is proposed to provide the piston ring with a wear-protection coating which consists of a material with a thermal conductivity of at least 180 W/(m·K). At least 5% vol. of the wear-protection coating consists of aluminum nitride.